Cargando…

Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer

IMPORTANCE: Sulfur-metabolizing bacteria that reduce dietary sulfur to hydrogen sulfide have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are limited studies investigating the association between diet and sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in the development of CRC. OBJECTIVE: To develop a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wang, Yiqing, Nguyen, Long H., Mehta, Raaj S., Song, Mingyang, Huttenhower, Curtis, Chan, Andrew T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8590167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34767023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.34308
_version_ 1784598897350410240
author Wang, Yiqing
Nguyen, Long H.
Mehta, Raaj S.
Song, Mingyang
Huttenhower, Curtis
Chan, Andrew T.
author_facet Wang, Yiqing
Nguyen, Long H.
Mehta, Raaj S.
Song, Mingyang
Huttenhower, Curtis
Chan, Andrew T.
author_sort Wang, Yiqing
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Sulfur-metabolizing bacteria that reduce dietary sulfur to hydrogen sulfide have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are limited studies investigating the association between diet and sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in the development of CRC. OBJECTIVE: To develop a dietary score that correlates with gut sulfur–metabolizing bacteria and to examine its association with CRC risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study included data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014), Nurses’ Health Study (1984-2016), and Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2017). Participants were US male health professionals and female registered nurses who were free of inflammatory bowel disease and cancer at baseline, with a subsample of participants who provided stool samples from 2012 to 2014. Statistical analysis was conducted from September 1, 2020, to June 1, 2021. EXPOSURE: A dietary pattern, assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire, that most correlated with 43 sulfur-metabolizing bacteria identified through taxonomic and functional profiling of gut metagenome data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incident CRC. RESULTS: Among 214 797 participants comprising 46 550 men (mean [SD] age at baseline, 54.3 [9.7] years) and 168 247 women (mean [SD] age at baseline, 43.0 [9.2] years), 3217 incident cases of CRC (1.5%) were documented during 5 278 048 person-years of follow-up. The sulfur microbial diet, developed in a subsample of 307 men (mean [SD] age, 70.5 [4.3] years) and 212 women (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [3.8] years), was characterized by high intakes of low-calorie beverages, french fries, red meats, and processed meats and low intakes of fruits, yellow vegetables, whole grains, legumes, leafy vegetables, and cruciferous vegetables. After adjustment for other risk factors, greater adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was associated with an increased risk of CRC, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.27 (95% CI, 1.12-1.44) comparing the highest vs the lowest quintile of the diet score (linear trend of diet score quintiles; P < .001 for trend). When assessed by anatomical subsites, greater adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was positively associated with distal CRC (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.50; P = .02 for trend) but not proximal colon cancer (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.93-1.39; P = .19 for trend). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was associated with an increased risk of CRC, suggesting a potential mediating role of sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in the associaton between diet and CRC. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the underlying mechanisms.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8590167
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher American Medical Association
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85901672021-11-23 Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer Wang, Yiqing Nguyen, Long H. Mehta, Raaj S. Song, Mingyang Huttenhower, Curtis Chan, Andrew T. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Sulfur-metabolizing bacteria that reduce dietary sulfur to hydrogen sulfide have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are limited studies investigating the association between diet and sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in the development of CRC. OBJECTIVE: To develop a dietary score that correlates with gut sulfur–metabolizing bacteria and to examine its association with CRC risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study included data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014), Nurses’ Health Study (1984-2016), and Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2017). Participants were US male health professionals and female registered nurses who were free of inflammatory bowel disease and cancer at baseline, with a subsample of participants who provided stool samples from 2012 to 2014. Statistical analysis was conducted from September 1, 2020, to June 1, 2021. EXPOSURE: A dietary pattern, assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire, that most correlated with 43 sulfur-metabolizing bacteria identified through taxonomic and functional profiling of gut metagenome data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incident CRC. RESULTS: Among 214 797 participants comprising 46 550 men (mean [SD] age at baseline, 54.3 [9.7] years) and 168 247 women (mean [SD] age at baseline, 43.0 [9.2] years), 3217 incident cases of CRC (1.5%) were documented during 5 278 048 person-years of follow-up. The sulfur microbial diet, developed in a subsample of 307 men (mean [SD] age, 70.5 [4.3] years) and 212 women (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [3.8] years), was characterized by high intakes of low-calorie beverages, french fries, red meats, and processed meats and low intakes of fruits, yellow vegetables, whole grains, legumes, leafy vegetables, and cruciferous vegetables. After adjustment for other risk factors, greater adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was associated with an increased risk of CRC, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.27 (95% CI, 1.12-1.44) comparing the highest vs the lowest quintile of the diet score (linear trend of diet score quintiles; P < .001 for trend). When assessed by anatomical subsites, greater adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was positively associated with distal CRC (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.50; P = .02 for trend) but not proximal colon cancer (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.93-1.39; P = .19 for trend). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Adherence to the sulfur microbial diet was associated with an increased risk of CRC, suggesting a potential mediating role of sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in the associaton between diet and CRC. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the underlying mechanisms. American Medical Association 2021-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8590167/ /pubmed/34767023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.34308 Text en Copyright 2021 Wang Y et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Wang, Yiqing
Nguyen, Long H.
Mehta, Raaj S.
Song, Mingyang
Huttenhower, Curtis
Chan, Andrew T.
Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title_full Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title_fullStr Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title_short Association Between the Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
title_sort association between the sulfur microbial diet and risk of colorectal cancer
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8590167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34767023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.34308
work_keys_str_mv AT wangyiqing associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer
AT nguyenlongh associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer
AT mehtaraajs associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer
AT songmingyang associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer
AT huttenhowercurtis associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer
AT chanandrewt associationbetweenthesulfurmicrobialdietandriskofcolorectalcancer