Cargando…

Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study

Literature and field data from CIREN database have shown that lumbar spine injuries occur during car crashes. There are multiple hypotheses regarding how they occur; however, there is no biomechanical explanation for these injuries during collisions with road safety barriers (RSBs). Therefore, the o...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pachocki, L., Daszkiewicz, K., Łuczkiewicz, P., Witkowski, W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8591065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34790652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.760498
_version_ 1784599133385916416
author Pachocki, L.
Daszkiewicz, K.
Łuczkiewicz, P.
Witkowski, W.
author_facet Pachocki, L.
Daszkiewicz, K.
Łuczkiewicz, P.
Witkowski, W.
author_sort Pachocki, L.
collection PubMed
description Literature and field data from CIREN database have shown that lumbar spine injuries occur during car crashes. There are multiple hypotheses regarding how they occur; however, there is no biomechanical explanation for these injuries during collisions with road safety barriers (RSBs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanics of vertebral fractures during car collisions with concrete RSBs. The finite element method was used for the numerical simulations. The global model of the car collision with the concrete RSB was created. The lumbar spine kinematics were extracted from the global simulation and then applied as boundary conditions to the detailed lumbar spine model. The results showed that during the collision, the occupant was elevated, and then dropped during the vehicle landing. This resulted in axial compression forces 2.6 kN with flexion bending moments 34.7 and 37.8 Nm in the L2 and L3 vertebrae. It was shown that the bending moment is the result of the longitudinal force on the eccentricity. The lumbar spine index for the L1–L5 section was 2.80, thus indicating a lumbar spine fracture. The minimum principal strain criterion of 7.4% and damage variable indicated L2 and L3 vertebrae and the inferior part of L1, as those potentially prone to fracture. This study found that lumbar spine fractures could occur as a consequence of vehicle landing during a collision with a concrete RSB mostly affecting the L1–L3 lumbar spine section. The fracture was caused by a combination of axial forces and flexion bending moments.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8591065
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85910652021-11-16 Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study Pachocki, L. Daszkiewicz, K. Łuczkiewicz, P. Witkowski, W. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Literature and field data from CIREN database have shown that lumbar spine injuries occur during car crashes. There are multiple hypotheses regarding how they occur; however, there is no biomechanical explanation for these injuries during collisions with road safety barriers (RSBs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanics of vertebral fractures during car collisions with concrete RSBs. The finite element method was used for the numerical simulations. The global model of the car collision with the concrete RSB was created. The lumbar spine kinematics were extracted from the global simulation and then applied as boundary conditions to the detailed lumbar spine model. The results showed that during the collision, the occupant was elevated, and then dropped during the vehicle landing. This resulted in axial compression forces 2.6 kN with flexion bending moments 34.7 and 37.8 Nm in the L2 and L3 vertebrae. It was shown that the bending moment is the result of the longitudinal force on the eccentricity. The lumbar spine index for the L1–L5 section was 2.80, thus indicating a lumbar spine fracture. The minimum principal strain criterion of 7.4% and damage variable indicated L2 and L3 vertebrae and the inferior part of L1, as those potentially prone to fracture. This study found that lumbar spine fractures could occur as a consequence of vehicle landing during a collision with a concrete RSB mostly affecting the L1–L3 lumbar spine section. The fracture was caused by a combination of axial forces and flexion bending moments. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8591065/ /pubmed/34790652 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.760498 Text en Copyright © 2021 Pachocki, Daszkiewicz, Łuczkiewicz and Witkowski. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Pachocki, L.
Daszkiewicz, K.
Łuczkiewicz, P.
Witkowski, W.
Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title_full Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title_fullStr Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title_full_unstemmed Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title_short Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study
title_sort biomechanics of lumbar spine injury in road barrier collision–finite element study
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8591065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34790652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.760498
work_keys_str_mv AT pachockil biomechanicsoflumbarspineinjuryinroadbarriercollisionfiniteelementstudy
AT daszkiewiczk biomechanicsoflumbarspineinjuryinroadbarriercollisionfiniteelementstudy
AT łuczkiewiczp biomechanicsoflumbarspineinjuryinroadbarriercollisionfiniteelementstudy
AT witkowskiw biomechanicsoflumbarspineinjuryinroadbarriercollisionfiniteelementstudy