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The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

Background: Depression is a primary cause of disability-adjusted life years lost globally. It is a common mental disorder with roughly more than 264 million adults affected. Obesity is another major health problem affecting more than 650 million adults worldwide. The presence of depression and obesi...

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Autores principales: Almarhoon, Fatimah H, Almubarak, Khadijaa A, Alramdhan, Zahra A, Albagshi, Rafah S, Alotayriz, Jannah K, Alqahtani, Abdullah H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8592295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34804660
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18794
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author Almarhoon, Fatimah H
Almubarak, Khadijaa A
Alramdhan, Zahra A
Albagshi, Rafah S
Alotayriz, Jannah K
Alqahtani, Abdullah H
author_facet Almarhoon, Fatimah H
Almubarak, Khadijaa A
Alramdhan, Zahra A
Albagshi, Rafah S
Alotayriz, Jannah K
Alqahtani, Abdullah H
author_sort Almarhoon, Fatimah H
collection PubMed
description Background: Depression is a primary cause of disability-adjusted life years lost globally. It is a common mental disorder with roughly more than 264 million adults affected. Obesity is another major health problem affecting more than 650 million adults worldwide. The presence of depression and obesity, along with each other, is associated with more negative health outcomes. Objectives: To explore the correlation between depression and obesity among adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and analyze this association with other variables, including patients' demographics, body mass index (BMI), and presence of chronic and psychiatric illness.  Method: A cross-sectional study was done in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. A total number of 711 participants were enrolled. Arabic version of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used. Body mass index (BMI) scores were used to classify participants into underweight, average weight, overweight, and obese. Result: It was found that 41.7% of the obese participants have moderate to severe depression, and this result was statistically significant (P = 0.027, 95% CI 1.69-1.98). The prevalence was more marked among young participants (P = 0.001). Other variables such as marital status, the presence of a chronic illness, psychiatric disorders, regular intake of medications, effect of depressive symptoms on daily activity, and the number of years diagnosed with obesity and depression all showed a statistically significant association in the presence of comorbidity of obesity and depression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The association between depression and obesity is most prominent in young adults aged between 18 to 25 years (11.2%), being single (12.8%), having a BMI of 30 or more for 10 years or more (45.4%), the presence of associated chronic illnesses (17.6%), the presence of associated psychiatric disorder (18.3%) and intake of regular medications (18.3%). Depression and obesity are major health challenges worldwide. Many studies were done to assess the relationship between obesity and depression, but only a few were conducted in Saudi Arabia. This study was done to investigate this relationship. It will help raise awareness about the comorbidity of depression and obesity to address preventative and therapeutic measures.
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spelling pubmed-85922952021-11-18 The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia Almarhoon, Fatimah H Almubarak, Khadijaa A Alramdhan, Zahra A Albagshi, Rafah S Alotayriz, Jannah K Alqahtani, Abdullah H Cureus Family/General Practice Background: Depression is a primary cause of disability-adjusted life years lost globally. It is a common mental disorder with roughly more than 264 million adults affected. Obesity is another major health problem affecting more than 650 million adults worldwide. The presence of depression and obesity, along with each other, is associated with more negative health outcomes. Objectives: To explore the correlation between depression and obesity among adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and analyze this association with other variables, including patients' demographics, body mass index (BMI), and presence of chronic and psychiatric illness.  Method: A cross-sectional study was done in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. A total number of 711 participants were enrolled. Arabic version of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used. Body mass index (BMI) scores were used to classify participants into underweight, average weight, overweight, and obese. Result: It was found that 41.7% of the obese participants have moderate to severe depression, and this result was statistically significant (P = 0.027, 95% CI 1.69-1.98). The prevalence was more marked among young participants (P = 0.001). Other variables such as marital status, the presence of a chronic illness, psychiatric disorders, regular intake of medications, effect of depressive symptoms on daily activity, and the number of years diagnosed with obesity and depression all showed a statistically significant association in the presence of comorbidity of obesity and depression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The association between depression and obesity is most prominent in young adults aged between 18 to 25 years (11.2%), being single (12.8%), having a BMI of 30 or more for 10 years or more (45.4%), the presence of associated chronic illnesses (17.6%), the presence of associated psychiatric disorder (18.3%) and intake of regular medications (18.3%). Depression and obesity are major health challenges worldwide. Many studies were done to assess the relationship between obesity and depression, but only a few were conducted in Saudi Arabia. This study was done to investigate this relationship. It will help raise awareness about the comorbidity of depression and obesity to address preventative and therapeutic measures. Cureus 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8592295/ /pubmed/34804660 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18794 Text en Copyright © 2021, Almarhoon et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Family/General Practice
Almarhoon, Fatimah H
Almubarak, Khadijaa A
Alramdhan, Zahra A
Albagshi, Rafah S
Alotayriz, Jannah K
Alqahtani, Abdullah H
The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title_full The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title_short The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
title_sort association between depression and obesity among adults in the eastern province, saudi arabia
topic Family/General Practice
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8592295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34804660
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.18794
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