Complicated spontaneous intercostal lung hernia - A rare clinical case

Spontaneous lung herniation is a rare pathological entity. We present a case of intercostal type of spontaneous lung hernia after heavy lifting complicated with huge soft tissue hematoma, single rib fracture, hemothorax, diaphragmatic laceration, and great omentum pleural cavity herniation in a 46-year-old man. His comorbidities were arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, and type II diabetes mellitus and had no history of trauma, surgical procedures in his thoracic wall, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physical examination revealed a huge left-sided flank hematoma. Chest X-ray determined stable intercostal lung hernia confirmed by chest computed tomography. Conventional approach by left mid-lateral thoracotomy was used for surgical repair of the lung hernia and stabilization of the intercostal space. The patient was discharged on the 9(th) postoperative day in a good condition. Control examination 2 years after the operation found no deformation of the thorax or recurrence of the lung hernia. This is a case of interest of spontaneous intercostal lung hernia because of the number and type of associated injuries. This case demonstrates low morbidity and good postoperative result by conventional surgery in intercostal lung hernias.