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The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support
INTRODUCTION: There is growing concern about the effect of lockdown and social distancing on mental health. Subjective feelings related to social relationships such as detachment have shown a strong effect on mental health, whereas objective factors might have a moderating role in that association....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8595065/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34146897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.125 |
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author | Domènech-Abella, Joan Gabarrell-Pascuet, Aina Faris, Lydia Hanaa Cristóbal-Narváez, Paula Félez-Nobrega, Mireia Mortier, Philippe Vilagut, Gemma Olaya, Beatriz Alonso, Jordi Haro, Josep Maria |
author_facet | Domènech-Abella, Joan Gabarrell-Pascuet, Aina Faris, Lydia Hanaa Cristóbal-Narváez, Paula Félez-Nobrega, Mireia Mortier, Philippe Vilagut, Gemma Olaya, Beatriz Alonso, Jordi Haro, Josep Maria |
author_sort | Domènech-Abella, Joan |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: There is growing concern about the effect of lockdown and social distancing on mental health. Subjective feelings related to social relationships such as detachment have shown a strong effect on mental health, whereas objective factors might have a moderating role in that association. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether social support and living situation have a moderating effect on the association between detachment and affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: 3,305 Spanish adults were interviewed by phone at the end of the COVID-19 lockdown (May-June 2020). Detachment during confinement was assessed with a single-item frequency question. Anxiety symptoms were measured through GAD-7, depressive symptoms through PHQ-9, and social support through the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS). Associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms were tested through Tobit regression models. Interactions of detachment with living situation and social support were tested as independent variables. RESULTS: People living alone showed significantly lower levels of anxiety whereas people living with another (but not as a couple) showed higher levels of depression. Detachment was strongly associated with both affective disorders. Social support had a statistically significant moderating effect on that association. Those with a low level of social support and a high level of detachment reported means of depression and anxiety above major depression (10.5 CI 95% 9.6, 11.4 at OSSS=10) and generalized anxiety disorders (10.1 CI 95% 9.2, 11.0 at OSSS=9) cut offs CONCLUSION: Interventions centered on improving social support could alleviate feelings of detachment and prevent affective disorders during lockdowns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8595065 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85950652021-11-17 The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support Domènech-Abella, Joan Gabarrell-Pascuet, Aina Faris, Lydia Hanaa Cristóbal-Narváez, Paula Félez-Nobrega, Mireia Mortier, Philippe Vilagut, Gemma Olaya, Beatriz Alonso, Jordi Haro, Josep Maria J Affect Disord Research Paper INTRODUCTION: There is growing concern about the effect of lockdown and social distancing on mental health. Subjective feelings related to social relationships such as detachment have shown a strong effect on mental health, whereas objective factors might have a moderating role in that association. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether social support and living situation have a moderating effect on the association between detachment and affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: 3,305 Spanish adults were interviewed by phone at the end of the COVID-19 lockdown (May-June 2020). Detachment during confinement was assessed with a single-item frequency question. Anxiety symptoms were measured through GAD-7, depressive symptoms through PHQ-9, and social support through the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS). Associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms were tested through Tobit regression models. Interactions of detachment with living situation and social support were tested as independent variables. RESULTS: People living alone showed significantly lower levels of anxiety whereas people living with another (but not as a couple) showed higher levels of depression. Detachment was strongly associated with both affective disorders. Social support had a statistically significant moderating effect on that association. Those with a low level of social support and a high level of detachment reported means of depression and anxiety above major depression (10.5 CI 95% 9.6, 11.4 at OSSS=10) and generalized anxiety disorders (10.1 CI 95% 9.2, 11.0 at OSSS=9) cut offs CONCLUSION: Interventions centered on improving social support could alleviate feelings of detachment and prevent affective disorders during lockdowns. Elsevier B.V. 2021-09-01 2021-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8595065/ /pubmed/34146897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.125 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Domènech-Abella, Joan Gabarrell-Pascuet, Aina Faris, Lydia Hanaa Cristóbal-Narváez, Paula Félez-Nobrega, Mireia Mortier, Philippe Vilagut, Gemma Olaya, Beatriz Alonso, Jordi Haro, Josep Maria The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title | The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title_full | The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title_fullStr | The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title_full_unstemmed | The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title_short | The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support |
title_sort | association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the covid-19 lockdown: the role of living situation and social support |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8595065/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34146897 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.125 |
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