Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Neurosurgery: a Systematic Literature Review Using Topic Modeling. Part II: Research Objectives and Perspectives

The current increase in the number of publications on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in neurosurgery indicates a new trend in clinical neuroscience. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review to highlight the main directions and trends in the use of AI in neurosurgery. METHODS. Using the PubMed search engine, 327 original journal articles published from 1996 to July 2019 and related to the use of AI technologies in neurosurgery, were selected. The typical issues addressed by using AI were identified for each area of neurosurgery. RESULTS. The typical AI applications within each of the five main areas of neurosurgery (neuro-oncology, functional, vascular, spinal neurosurgery, and traumatic brain injury) were defined. CONCLUSION. The article highlights the main areas and trends in the up-to-date AI research in neurosurgery, which might be helpful in planning new scientific projects.