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Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.

The use of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as a food flavor enhancer is increasing worldwide despite its neurotoxic effects. Fluoxetine (FLX) and Rosemary extract (RE) are known to have beneficial neuroprotective properties. Rats were divided into five groups: control group; MSG group, rats received 2 g/...

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Autores principales: Atef, Reham Mohammed, Fattah, Islam Omar Abdel, Mahmoud, Omayma Mahfouz, Abdel-Rahman, Gamal Mohamed, Salem, Noha Ahmed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34609419
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.62.1.16
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author Atef, Reham Mohammed
Fattah, Islam Omar Abdel
Mahmoud, Omayma Mahfouz
Abdel-Rahman, Gamal Mohamed
Salem, Noha Ahmed
author_facet Atef, Reham Mohammed
Fattah, Islam Omar Abdel
Mahmoud, Omayma Mahfouz
Abdel-Rahman, Gamal Mohamed
Salem, Noha Ahmed
author_sort Atef, Reham Mohammed
collection PubMed
description The use of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as a food flavor enhancer is increasing worldwide despite its neurotoxic effects. Fluoxetine (FLX) and Rosemary extract (RE) are known to have beneficial neuroprotective properties. Rats were divided into five groups: control group; MSG group, rats received 2 g/kg/day intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of MSG for seven days; RE/MSG group, rats received 50 mg/kg/day of oral RE for 28 days starting prior to MSG; FLX/MSG group, rats received 10 mg/kg/day of oral FLX for 28 days beginning before MSG; and RE/FLX/MSG group, received combined treatments as mentioned above. Rats underwent the Barnes maze test, in addition to histopathological, immunohistochemical, morphometric and ultrastructural evaluations for their hippocampi. MSG increased the number of errors and escaped latency in the Barnes maze test that was significantly minimized in the three treatment groups. The MSG group exhibited pyramidal cell (PC) degeneration, shrunken glial cells and massive vascular dilatation that were improved with RE and/or FLX treatment. The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunopositive cells were increased, and the number of PCs was decreased in the MSG group, while these values were significantly reversed with the three treatment groups with the most significant improvement at RE/FLX/MSG one. Ultrastructurally, PCs were shrunken with degenerated nuclei, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, swollen mitochondria, and vacuolations in the MSG group that were improved with RE and/or FLX. In conclusion, the combined RE and FLX treatment can ameliorate the toxic effect of MSG on rat hippocampus probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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spelling pubmed-85973632021-12-01 Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat. Atef, Reham Mohammed Fattah, Islam Omar Abdel Mahmoud, Omayma Mahfouz Abdel-Rahman, Gamal Mohamed Salem, Noha Ahmed Rom J Morphol Embryol Original Paper The use of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as a food flavor enhancer is increasing worldwide despite its neurotoxic effects. Fluoxetine (FLX) and Rosemary extract (RE) are known to have beneficial neuroprotective properties. Rats were divided into five groups: control group; MSG group, rats received 2 g/kg/day intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of MSG for seven days; RE/MSG group, rats received 50 mg/kg/day of oral RE for 28 days starting prior to MSG; FLX/MSG group, rats received 10 mg/kg/day of oral FLX for 28 days beginning before MSG; and RE/FLX/MSG group, received combined treatments as mentioned above. Rats underwent the Barnes maze test, in addition to histopathological, immunohistochemical, morphometric and ultrastructural evaluations for their hippocampi. MSG increased the number of errors and escaped latency in the Barnes maze test that was significantly minimized in the three treatment groups. The MSG group exhibited pyramidal cell (PC) degeneration, shrunken glial cells and massive vascular dilatation that were improved with RE and/or FLX treatment. The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunopositive cells were increased, and the number of PCs was decreased in the MSG group, while these values were significantly reversed with the three treatment groups with the most significant improvement at RE/FLX/MSG one. Ultrastructurally, PCs were shrunken with degenerated nuclei, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, swollen mitochondria, and vacuolations in the MSG group that were improved with RE and/or FLX. In conclusion, the combined RE and FLX treatment can ameliorate the toxic effect of MSG on rat hippocampus probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2021 2021-09-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8597363/ /pubmed/34609419 http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.62.1.16 Text en Copyright © 2020, Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which permits unrestricted use, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium, non-commercially, provided the new creations are licensed under identical terms as the original work and the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Atef, Reham Mohammed
Fattah, Islam Omar Abdel
Mahmoud, Omayma Mahfouz
Abdel-Rahman, Gamal Mohamed
Salem, Noha Ahmed
Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title_full Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title_fullStr Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title_full_unstemmed Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title_short Protective effects of Rosemary extract and/or Fluoxetine on Monosodium Glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
title_sort protective effects of rosemary extract and/or fluoxetine on monosodium glutamate-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in rat.
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34609419
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.62.1.16
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