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Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse

Facing challenges in water demands and population size, particularly in the water-scarce regions in the United States, the reuse of treated municipal wastewater has become a viable potential to relieve the ever-increasing demands of providing water for (non-)potable use. The objectives of this study...

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Autores principales: Ryu, Hodon, Addor, Yao, Brinkman, Nichole E., Ware, Michael W., Boczek, Laura, Hoelle, Jill, Mistry, Jatin H., Keely, Scott P., Villegas, Eric N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34804602
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13111452
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author Ryu, Hodon
Addor, Yao
Brinkman, Nichole E.
Ware, Michael W.
Boczek, Laura
Hoelle, Jill
Mistry, Jatin H.
Keely, Scott P.
Villegas, Eric N.
author_facet Ryu, Hodon
Addor, Yao
Brinkman, Nichole E.
Ware, Michael W.
Boczek, Laura
Hoelle, Jill
Mistry, Jatin H.
Keely, Scott P.
Villegas, Eric N.
author_sort Ryu, Hodon
collection PubMed
description Facing challenges in water demands and population size, particularly in the water-scarce regions in the United States, the reuse of treated municipal wastewater has become a viable potential to relieve the ever-increasing demands of providing water for (non-)potable use. The objectives of this study were to assess microbial quality of reclaimed water and to investigate treatability of microorganisms during different treatment processes. Raw and final treated effluent samples from three participating utilities were collected monthly for 16 months and analyzed for various microbial pathogens and fecal indicator organisms. Results revealed that the detectable levels of microbial pathogens tested were observed in the treated effluent samples from all participating utilities. Log(10) reduction values (LRVs) of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were at least two orders of magnitude lower than those of human adenovirus and all fecal indicator organisms except for aerobic endospores, which showed the lowest LRVs. The relatively higher LRV of the indicator organisms such as bacteriophages suggested that these microorganisms are not good candidates of viral indicators of human adenovirus during wastewater treatment processes. Overall, this study will assist municipalities considering the use of wastewater effluent as another source of drinking water by providing important data on the prevalence, occurrence, and reduction of waterborne pathogens in wastewater. More importantly, the results from this study will aid in building a richer microbial occurrence database that can be used towards evaluating reuse guidelines and disinfection practices for water reuse practices.
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spelling pubmed-85975972022-05-21 Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse Ryu, Hodon Addor, Yao Brinkman, Nichole E. Ware, Michael W. Boczek, Laura Hoelle, Jill Mistry, Jatin H. Keely, Scott P. Villegas, Eric N. Water (Basel) Article Facing challenges in water demands and population size, particularly in the water-scarce regions in the United States, the reuse of treated municipal wastewater has become a viable potential to relieve the ever-increasing demands of providing water for (non-)potable use. The objectives of this study were to assess microbial quality of reclaimed water and to investigate treatability of microorganisms during different treatment processes. Raw and final treated effluent samples from three participating utilities were collected monthly for 16 months and analyzed for various microbial pathogens and fecal indicator organisms. Results revealed that the detectable levels of microbial pathogens tested were observed in the treated effluent samples from all participating utilities. Log(10) reduction values (LRVs) of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were at least two orders of magnitude lower than those of human adenovirus and all fecal indicator organisms except for aerobic endospores, which showed the lowest LRVs. The relatively higher LRV of the indicator organisms such as bacteriophages suggested that these microorganisms are not good candidates of viral indicators of human adenovirus during wastewater treatment processes. Overall, this study will assist municipalities considering the use of wastewater effluent as another source of drinking water by providing important data on the prevalence, occurrence, and reduction of waterborne pathogens in wastewater. More importantly, the results from this study will aid in building a richer microbial occurrence database that can be used towards evaluating reuse guidelines and disinfection practices for water reuse practices. 2021-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8597597/ /pubmed/34804602 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13111452 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ryu, Hodon
Addor, Yao
Brinkman, Nichole E.
Ware, Michael W.
Boczek, Laura
Hoelle, Jill
Mistry, Jatin H.
Keely, Scott P.
Villegas, Eric N.
Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title_full Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title_fullStr Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title_full_unstemmed Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title_short Understanding Microbial Loads in Wastewater Treatment Works as Source Water for Water Reuse
title_sort understanding microbial loads in wastewater treatment works as source water for water reuse
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34804602
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13111452
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