Indications for penetrating keratoplasty in Iranian patients

BACKGROUND: The outcome of penetration into keratoplasty (PK) related to corneal disease is responsible for corneal blindness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the indications and visual outcome of PK in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Kermanshah from March 2017 to March 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were reviewed from the medical records of 115 PK done in the Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Kermanshah, from March 2017 to March 2019. Data analysis done using paired Student's t-test for hypothesis testing of grouped values of preoperative and the last follow-up best-corrected visual acuity in cases of optical and therapeutic grafts. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: In this study, the data of 115 eyes of 108 patients were reviewed. The most common indication for keratoplasty was corneal scarring including adherent leucoma, 34 (29.56%). Therapeutic keratoplasty was done for 26 patients. One case of tectonic graft was included in therapeutic keratoplasty group for analysis. There was statistically significant difference (P = 0.0001) in best-corrected visual acuity improvement from 1.36 logMAR + 0.024 (standard deviation [SD]) preoperatively to 0.357 logMAR + 0.42 (SD) postoperatively and 1.4 logMAR + 0.000 (SD) preoperatively to 0.15 logMAR + 0.55 (SD) postoperatively for optical and therapeutic grafts, respectively. CONCLUSION: Active or treated infectious keratitis was one of the most important indications for keratoplasty. Symptoms of poor prognosis were more pronounced in this part of the country. Patients' vision after corneal transplantation was encouraging, especially in cases of optical keratoplasty.