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Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study

Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustnes...

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Autores principales: Aue, Tatjana, Dricu, Mihai, Singh, Laura, Moser, Dominik A, Kotikalapudi, Raviteja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34128051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075
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author Aue, Tatjana
Dricu, Mihai
Singh, Laura
Moser, Dominik A
Kotikalapudi, Raviteja
author_facet Aue, Tatjana
Dricu, Mihai
Singh, Laura
Moser, Dominik A
Kotikalapudi, Raviteja
author_sort Aue, Tatjana
collection PubMed
description Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustness has a counterpart in the brain structure. The participants’ task was to detect two different letters (symbolizing monetary gain or loss) in a visual search matrix. Prior to each onset of the search matrix, two different verbal cues informed our participants about a high probability to gain (optimistic expectancy) or lose (pessimistic expectancy) money. The target presented was either congruent or incongruent with these induced expectancies. Optimism robustness revealed in the participants’ reaction times correlated positively with gray matter volume (GMV) in brain regions involved in selective attention (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus), emphasizing the strong intertwinement of optimistic expectancies and attention deployment. In addition, GMV in the primary visual cortex diminished with increasing optimism robustness, in line with the interpretation of optimism robustness arising from a global, context-oriented perception. Future studies should address the malleability of these structural correlates of optimism robustness. Our results may assist in the identification of treatment targets in depression.
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spelling pubmed-85991922021-11-18 Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study Aue, Tatjana Dricu, Mihai Singh, Laura Moser, Dominik A Kotikalapudi, Raviteja Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci Original Manuscript Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustness has a counterpart in the brain structure. The participants’ task was to detect two different letters (symbolizing monetary gain or loss) in a visual search matrix. Prior to each onset of the search matrix, two different verbal cues informed our participants about a high probability to gain (optimistic expectancy) or lose (pessimistic expectancy) money. The target presented was either congruent or incongruent with these induced expectancies. Optimism robustness revealed in the participants’ reaction times correlated positively with gray matter volume (GMV) in brain regions involved in selective attention (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus), emphasizing the strong intertwinement of optimistic expectancies and attention deployment. In addition, GMV in the primary visual cortex diminished with increasing optimism robustness, in line with the interpretation of optimism robustness arising from a global, context-oriented perception. Future studies should address the malleability of these structural correlates of optimism robustness. Our results may assist in the identification of treatment targets in depression. Oxford University Press 2021-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8599192/ /pubmed/34128051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Manuscript
Aue, Tatjana
Dricu, Mihai
Singh, Laura
Moser, Dominik A
Kotikalapudi, Raviteja
Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title_full Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title_fullStr Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title_short Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
title_sort enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
topic Original Manuscript
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34128051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075
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