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Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study
Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustnes...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34128051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075 |
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author | Aue, Tatjana Dricu, Mihai Singh, Laura Moser, Dominik A Kotikalapudi, Raviteja |
author_facet | Aue, Tatjana Dricu, Mihai Singh, Laura Moser, Dominik A Kotikalapudi, Raviteja |
author_sort | Aue, Tatjana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustness has a counterpart in the brain structure. The participants’ task was to detect two different letters (symbolizing monetary gain or loss) in a visual search matrix. Prior to each onset of the search matrix, two different verbal cues informed our participants about a high probability to gain (optimistic expectancy) or lose (pessimistic expectancy) money. The target presented was either congruent or incongruent with these induced expectancies. Optimism robustness revealed in the participants’ reaction times correlated positively with gray matter volume (GMV) in brain regions involved in selective attention (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus), emphasizing the strong intertwinement of optimistic expectancies and attention deployment. In addition, GMV in the primary visual cortex diminished with increasing optimism robustness, in line with the interpretation of optimism robustness arising from a global, context-oriented perception. Future studies should address the malleability of these structural correlates of optimism robustness. Our results may assist in the identification of treatment targets in depression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8599192 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85991922021-11-18 Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study Aue, Tatjana Dricu, Mihai Singh, Laura Moser, Dominik A Kotikalapudi, Raviteja Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci Original Manuscript Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustness has a counterpart in the brain structure. The participants’ task was to detect two different letters (symbolizing monetary gain or loss) in a visual search matrix. Prior to each onset of the search matrix, two different verbal cues informed our participants about a high probability to gain (optimistic expectancy) or lose (pessimistic expectancy) money. The target presented was either congruent or incongruent with these induced expectancies. Optimism robustness revealed in the participants’ reaction times correlated positively with gray matter volume (GMV) in brain regions involved in selective attention (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus), emphasizing the strong intertwinement of optimistic expectancies and attention deployment. In addition, GMV in the primary visual cortex diminished with increasing optimism robustness, in line with the interpretation of optimism robustness arising from a global, context-oriented perception. Future studies should address the malleability of these structural correlates of optimism robustness. Our results may assist in the identification of treatment targets in depression. Oxford University Press 2021-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8599192/ /pubmed/34128051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Manuscript Aue, Tatjana Dricu, Mihai Singh, Laura Moser, Dominik A Kotikalapudi, Raviteja Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title | Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title_full | Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title_fullStr | Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title_short | Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
title_sort | enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study |
topic | Original Manuscript |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599192/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34128051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab075 |
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