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Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in hu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603916/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34803965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416 |
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author | Gallego-Jara, Julia Ortega, Álvaro Lozano Terol, Gema Sola Martínez, Rosa A. Cánovas Díaz, Manuel de Diego Puente, Teresa |
author_facet | Gallego-Jara, Julia Ortega, Álvaro Lozano Terol, Gema Sola Martínez, Rosa A. Cánovas Díaz, Manuel de Diego Puente, Teresa |
author_sort | Gallego-Jara, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8603916 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86039162021-11-20 Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore Gallego-Jara, Julia Ortega, Álvaro Lozano Terol, Gema Sola Martínez, Rosa A. Cánovas Díaz, Manuel de Diego Puente, Teresa Front Microbiol Microbiology Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8603916/ /pubmed/34803965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416 Text en Copyright © 2021 Gallego-Jara, Ortega, Lozano Terol, Sola Martínez, Cánovas Díaz and de Diego Puente. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Gallego-Jara, Julia Ortega, Álvaro Lozano Terol, Gema Sola Martínez, Rosa A. Cánovas Díaz, Manuel de Diego Puente, Teresa Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title | Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title_full | Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title_fullStr | Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title_short | Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore |
title_sort | bacterial sirtuins overview: an open niche to explore |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603916/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34803965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416 |
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