Cargando…

Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore

Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in hu...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gallego-Jara, Julia, Ortega, Álvaro, Lozano Terol, Gema, Sola Martínez, Rosa A., Cánovas Díaz, Manuel, de Diego Puente, Teresa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34803965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416
_version_ 1784601857718484992
author Gallego-Jara, Julia
Ortega, Álvaro
Lozano Terol, Gema
Sola Martínez, Rosa A.
Cánovas Díaz, Manuel
de Diego Puente, Teresa
author_facet Gallego-Jara, Julia
Ortega, Álvaro
Lozano Terol, Gema
Sola Martínez, Rosa A.
Cánovas Díaz, Manuel
de Diego Puente, Teresa
author_sort Gallego-Jara, Julia
collection PubMed
description Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8603916
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86039162021-11-20 Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore Gallego-Jara, Julia Ortega, Álvaro Lozano Terol, Gema Sola Martínez, Rosa A. Cánovas Díaz, Manuel de Diego Puente, Teresa Front Microbiol Microbiology Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8603916/ /pubmed/34803965 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416 Text en Copyright © 2021 Gallego-Jara, Ortega, Lozano Terol, Sola Martínez, Cánovas Díaz and de Diego Puente. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Gallego-Jara, Julia
Ortega, Álvaro
Lozano Terol, Gema
Sola Martínez, Rosa A.
Cánovas Díaz, Manuel
de Diego Puente, Teresa
Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_full Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_fullStr Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_full_unstemmed Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_short Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_sort bacterial sirtuins overview: an open niche to explore
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603916/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34803965
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416
work_keys_str_mv AT gallegojarajulia bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
AT ortegaalvaro bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
AT lozanoterolgema bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
AT solamartinezrosaa bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
AT canovasdiazmanuel bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
AT dediegopuenteteresa bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore