Cargando…
Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia
Anthrax is a worldwide zoonotic disease. Anthrax has long been a public health and socio-economic issue in Mongolia. Presently, there is no spatial information on carcass burial sites as a potential hazard of future anthrax outbreaks and possible risk factors associated with anthrax occurrences in M...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604359/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34797889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260299 |
_version_ | 1784601943089348608 |
---|---|
author | Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya Ito, Satoshi Isoda, Norikazu Furuta, Yoshikazu Shawa, Misheck Norov, Natsagdorj Lkham, Baasansuren Enkhtuya, Jargalsaikhan Higashi, Hideaki |
author_facet | Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya Ito, Satoshi Isoda, Norikazu Furuta, Yoshikazu Shawa, Misheck Norov, Natsagdorj Lkham, Baasansuren Enkhtuya, Jargalsaikhan Higashi, Hideaki |
author_sort | Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anthrax is a worldwide zoonotic disease. Anthrax has long been a public health and socio-economic issue in Mongolia. Presently, there is no spatial information on carcass burial sites as a potential hazard of future anthrax outbreaks and possible risk factors associated with anthrax occurrences in Mongolia. Here, we analyze retrospective data (1986–2015) on the disposal sites of livestock carcasses to describe historical spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, which showed the highest anthrax incidence rate in Mongolia. From the results of spatial mean and standard deviational ellipse analyses, we found that the anthrax spatial distribution in livestock did not change over the study period, indicating a localized source of exposure. The multi-distance spatial cluster analysis showed that carcass sites distributed in the study area are clustered. Using kernel density estimation analysis on carcass sites, we identified two anthrax hotspots in low-lying areas around the south and north regions. Notably, this study disclosed a new hotspot in the northern part that emerged in the last decade of the 30-year study period. The highest proportion of cases was recorded in cattle, whose prevalence per area was highest in six districts (i.e., Murun, Chandmani-Undur, Khatgal, Ikh-Uul, Tosontsengel, and Tsagaan-Uul), suggesting that vaccination should prioritize cattle in these districts. Furthermore, size of outbreaks was influenced by the annual summer mean air temperature of Khuvsgul Province, probably by affecting the permafrost freeze-thawing activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8604359 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86043592021-11-20 Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya Ito, Satoshi Isoda, Norikazu Furuta, Yoshikazu Shawa, Misheck Norov, Natsagdorj Lkham, Baasansuren Enkhtuya, Jargalsaikhan Higashi, Hideaki PLoS One Research Article Anthrax is a worldwide zoonotic disease. Anthrax has long been a public health and socio-economic issue in Mongolia. Presently, there is no spatial information on carcass burial sites as a potential hazard of future anthrax outbreaks and possible risk factors associated with anthrax occurrences in Mongolia. Here, we analyze retrospective data (1986–2015) on the disposal sites of livestock carcasses to describe historical spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, which showed the highest anthrax incidence rate in Mongolia. From the results of spatial mean and standard deviational ellipse analyses, we found that the anthrax spatial distribution in livestock did not change over the study period, indicating a localized source of exposure. The multi-distance spatial cluster analysis showed that carcass sites distributed in the study area are clustered. Using kernel density estimation analysis on carcass sites, we identified two anthrax hotspots in low-lying areas around the south and north regions. Notably, this study disclosed a new hotspot in the northern part that emerged in the last decade of the 30-year study period. The highest proportion of cases was recorded in cattle, whose prevalence per area was highest in six districts (i.e., Murun, Chandmani-Undur, Khatgal, Ikh-Uul, Tosontsengel, and Tsagaan-Uul), suggesting that vaccination should prioritize cattle in these districts. Furthermore, size of outbreaks was influenced by the annual summer mean air temperature of Khuvsgul Province, probably by affecting the permafrost freeze-thawing activity. Public Library of Science 2021-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8604359/ /pubmed/34797889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260299 Text en © 2021 Zorigt et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya Ito, Satoshi Isoda, Norikazu Furuta, Yoshikazu Shawa, Misheck Norov, Natsagdorj Lkham, Baasansuren Enkhtuya, Jargalsaikhan Higashi, Hideaki Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title | Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title_full | Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title_fullStr | Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title_short | Risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia |
title_sort | risk factors and spatio-temporal patterns of livestock anthrax in khuvsgul province, mongolia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604359/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34797889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260299 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zorigttuvshinzaya riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT itosatoshi riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT isodanorikazu riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT furutayoshikazu riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT shawamisheck riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT norovnatsagdorj riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT lkhambaasansuren riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT enkhtuyajargalsaikhan riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia AT higashihideaki riskfactorsandspatiotemporalpatternsoflivestockanthraxinkhuvsgulprovincemongolia |