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Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan

Ongoing Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) identified first in Wuhan, China posed huge impact on public health and economy around the globe. Both cough and sneeze based droplets or aerosols encapsulated COVID-19 particles are responsible for airborne transmission of this virus and caused an unexpected...

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Autores principales: Akbar, Fazal, Suleman, Muhammad, Israr, Muhammad, Ali, Syed Shujait, Zaman, Nasib, Khan, Owais, Ali, Jawad, Ahmad, Waqar, Rahat, Murad Ali, Rasool, Akhtar, Shah, Muzafar, Hussain, Zahid, Ali, Mohammad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8605813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34841127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101441
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author Akbar, Fazal
Suleman, Muhammad
Israr, Muhammad
Ali, Syed Shujait
Zaman, Nasib
Khan, Owais
Ali, Jawad
Ahmad, Waqar
Rahat, Murad Ali
Rasool, Akhtar
Shah, Muzafar
Hussain, Zahid
Ali, Mohammad
author_facet Akbar, Fazal
Suleman, Muhammad
Israr, Muhammad
Ali, Syed Shujait
Zaman, Nasib
Khan, Owais
Ali, Jawad
Ahmad, Waqar
Rahat, Murad Ali
Rasool, Akhtar
Shah, Muzafar
Hussain, Zahid
Ali, Mohammad
author_sort Akbar, Fazal
collection PubMed
description Ongoing Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) identified first in Wuhan, China posed huge impact on public health and economy around the globe. Both cough and sneeze based droplets or aerosols encapsulated COVID-19 particles are responsible for airborne transmission of this virus and caused an unexpected escalation and high mortality worldwide. Current study intends to investigate the correlation of COVID-19 epidemic with meteorological parameters, particularly temperature and humidity. A data set of Epidemiological data of COVID-19 for highly infected provinces of Pakistan was collected from the official website of (https://www.covid.gov.pk/) and weather data was collected from (https://www.timeanddate.com/) during the time period of 1st March to 30th September 2020. The GrapPad prism 5 Software was used to calculate the mean and standard error of mean (SEM). In the current study the incident of daily covid cases is recorded higher in the month of June while the less number of case were reported in the month of May as compared to the other months (April, May, June, July, September and August) in the four province of Pakistan. We also find out that the incident of Covid19 were high at higher temperature (like the average temperature in the month of June 37 °C) while less cases were reported in May the average temperature was 29.5 °C. Furthermore the incident of covid cases were less reported at low humidity while more intendant with high humidity. Pearson's (r) determine the strength of the relationship between the variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient test employed for data analysis revealed that temperature average (TA) and average humidity is not a significant correlated with COVID-19 pandemic. The results obtained from the current analysis for selected parameters indirect correlation of COVID-19 transmission with temperature variation, and humidity. In the present study association of parameters is not correlated with COVID-19 pandemic, suggested need of more strict actions and control measures for highly populated cities. These findings will be helpful for health regulatory authorities and policy makers to take specific measures to combat COVID-19 epidemic in Pakistan.
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spelling pubmed-86058132021-11-22 Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan Akbar, Fazal Suleman, Muhammad Israr, Muhammad Ali, Syed Shujait Zaman, Nasib Khan, Owais Ali, Jawad Ahmad, Waqar Rahat, Murad Ali Rasool, Akhtar Shah, Muzafar Hussain, Zahid Ali, Mohammad Gene Rep Article Ongoing Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) identified first in Wuhan, China posed huge impact on public health and economy around the globe. Both cough and sneeze based droplets or aerosols encapsulated COVID-19 particles are responsible for airborne transmission of this virus and caused an unexpected escalation and high mortality worldwide. Current study intends to investigate the correlation of COVID-19 epidemic with meteorological parameters, particularly temperature and humidity. A data set of Epidemiological data of COVID-19 for highly infected provinces of Pakistan was collected from the official website of (https://www.covid.gov.pk/) and weather data was collected from (https://www.timeanddate.com/) during the time period of 1st March to 30th September 2020. The GrapPad prism 5 Software was used to calculate the mean and standard error of mean (SEM). In the current study the incident of daily covid cases is recorded higher in the month of June while the less number of case were reported in the month of May as compared to the other months (April, May, June, July, September and August) in the four province of Pakistan. We also find out that the incident of Covid19 were high at higher temperature (like the average temperature in the month of June 37 °C) while less cases were reported in May the average temperature was 29.5 °C. Furthermore the incident of covid cases were less reported at low humidity while more intendant with high humidity. Pearson's (r) determine the strength of the relationship between the variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient test employed for data analysis revealed that temperature average (TA) and average humidity is not a significant correlated with COVID-19 pandemic. The results obtained from the current analysis for selected parameters indirect correlation of COVID-19 transmission with temperature variation, and humidity. In the present study association of parameters is not correlated with COVID-19 pandemic, suggested need of more strict actions and control measures for highly populated cities. These findings will be helpful for health regulatory authorities and policy makers to take specific measures to combat COVID-19 epidemic in Pakistan. Elsevier Inc. 2022-03 2021-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8605813/ /pubmed/34841127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101441 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Akbar, Fazal
Suleman, Muhammad
Israr, Muhammad
Ali, Syed Shujait
Zaman, Nasib
Khan, Owais
Ali, Jawad
Ahmad, Waqar
Rahat, Murad Ali
Rasool, Akhtar
Shah, Muzafar
Hussain, Zahid
Ali, Mohammad
Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title_full Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title_fullStr Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title_short Effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in Pakistan
title_sort effect of temperature and humidity on coronavirus infection in pakistan
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8605813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34841127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101441
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