Individual and community-level factors associated with modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls and young women in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey

BACKGROUND: The importance of contraception use is immense for young girls of age 15–24 years. In literatures, there were significant attempts made to study factors associated with adolescent and young women contraception use in Africa. Despite the resulting interventions followed those studies, the contraception uses among youth population in Africa remained below average. Thus, this study is aimed to assess individual and community-level factors associated with contraceptive use in Ethiopian context to support further interventions. METHODS: Our analysis was based on the secondary data from Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15–24 years were the target population. Means, standard deviations, and proportions were used to describe the study population. To control for the variations due to the differences between clusters, a series of multilevel logistic regression modeling steps were followed and determinants of contraceptive use were outplayed. All variables with bivariate p-value < 0.25 were included in the models and p-value < 0.05 was used to declare associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use among AGYW in Ethiopia was 34.89% [95% CI, 0.32, 0.36]. Married adolescents were 2.01 times [AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.39,3.16], having work was 1.36 times [AOR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06,1.71], living in urban areas was 1.61 times [AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.16,2.45], being in middle wealth status was 1.9 times [AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.32,2.65], being in rich wealth quintile was 1.99 time [AOR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.35,2.68], and having TV exposure was 1.61 times [AOR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.17,2.20] more likely associated with modern contraceptive uses. CONCLUSION: The use of modern contraception among AGYW in the country remained appealing and factors like region, residence, marital status, wealth index, religion, working status, parity, husband desire children, ever aborted AGYW, and the television exposures were attributed for the poor improvements. Therefore, the enhancements that consult those factors remained remarkable in improving contraception use, while further increasing in educational engagement, access to health services, and economic empowerment of the AGYW might be the good advantages for the improvements.