Synchronous multiple primary malignancies of the esophagus, stomach, and jejunum: A case report

BACKGROUND: Treatment of synchronous multiple primary malignancies is quite often very challenging. Herein, we report on a rare case of synchronous multiple primary malignancies in the esophagus, stomach, and jejunum. CASE SUMMARY: A 50-year-old man who was a heavy drinker and smoker with a poor diet, and had a family history of cancer sought treatment due to dysphagia lasting for 4 mo. He was finally diagnosed with lower esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (pT3N2M0, G2, stage IIIB), gastric angular adenocarcinoma (pT3N2M0, G2-G3, stage IIIA) with greater omental lymph node metastasis, and jejunal stromal tumor (high risk). The high-risk jejunal stromal tumor was found during surgery. In spite of radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, lymph node metastasis occurred 21 mo later. The patient responded poorly to additional chemotherapy and refused further examination and therapy. He died of widespread metastases 33 mo after surgery. CONCLUSION: This case indicates a poor prognosis of synchronous multiple advanced primary malignancies and the importance of comprehensive assessment in the population at high risk for cancer.