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First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof
Experiments involving the irradiation of water contained within magnesium hydroxide and alumina nanoparticle sludges were conducted and culminated in observations of an increased yield of molecular hydrogen when compared to the yield from the irradiation of bulk water. We show that there is a relati...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8613212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34819520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01868-1 |
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author | O’Leary, Mel Baidak, Aliaksandr Barnes, Martyn Donoclift, Thomas Emerson, Christopher Figueira, Catarina Fox, Oliver Kleppe, Annette McCulloch, Aaron Messer, Darryl Orr, Robin Currell, Fred |
author_facet | O’Leary, Mel Baidak, Aliaksandr Barnes, Martyn Donoclift, Thomas Emerson, Christopher Figueira, Catarina Fox, Oliver Kleppe, Annette McCulloch, Aaron Messer, Darryl Orr, Robin Currell, Fred |
author_sort | O’Leary, Mel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Experiments involving the irradiation of water contained within magnesium hydroxide and alumina nanoparticle sludges were conducted and culminated in observations of an increased yield of molecular hydrogen when compared to the yield from the irradiation of bulk water. We show that there is a relationship linking this increased yield to the direct nanoscale ionization mechanism in the nanoparticles, indicating that electron emission from the nanoparticles drives new radiative pathways in the water. Because the chemical changes in these sludges are introduced by irradiation only, we have a genuinely unstirred system. This feature allows us to determine the diffusivity of the dissolved gas. Using the measured gas production rate, we have developed a method for modelling when hydrogen bubble formation will occur within the nanoparticle sludges. This model facilitates the determination of a consistent radiolytic consumption rate coinciding with the observations of bubble formation. Thus, we demonstrate a nanoscale radiation effect directly influencing the formation of molecular hydrogen. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8613212 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86132122021-11-26 First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof O’Leary, Mel Baidak, Aliaksandr Barnes, Martyn Donoclift, Thomas Emerson, Christopher Figueira, Catarina Fox, Oliver Kleppe, Annette McCulloch, Aaron Messer, Darryl Orr, Robin Currell, Fred Sci Rep Article Experiments involving the irradiation of water contained within magnesium hydroxide and alumina nanoparticle sludges were conducted and culminated in observations of an increased yield of molecular hydrogen when compared to the yield from the irradiation of bulk water. We show that there is a relationship linking this increased yield to the direct nanoscale ionization mechanism in the nanoparticles, indicating that electron emission from the nanoparticles drives new radiative pathways in the water. Because the chemical changes in these sludges are introduced by irradiation only, we have a genuinely unstirred system. This feature allows us to determine the diffusivity of the dissolved gas. Using the measured gas production rate, we have developed a method for modelling when hydrogen bubble formation will occur within the nanoparticle sludges. This model facilitates the determination of a consistent radiolytic consumption rate coinciding with the observations of bubble formation. Thus, we demonstrate a nanoscale radiation effect directly influencing the formation of molecular hydrogen. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8613212/ /pubmed/34819520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01868-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article O’Leary, Mel Baidak, Aliaksandr Barnes, Martyn Donoclift, Thomas Emerson, Christopher Figueira, Catarina Fox, Oliver Kleppe, Annette McCulloch, Aaron Messer, Darryl Orr, Robin Currell, Fred First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title | First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title_full | First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title_fullStr | First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title_full_unstemmed | First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title_short | First observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
title_sort | first observation of radiolytic bubble formation in unstirred nano-powder sludges and a consistent model thereof |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8613212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34819520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01868-1 |
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