Cargando…

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Infections by Trypanosoma vivax in livestock have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide. Nevertheless, information regarding the immune response during the infection is scarce. Regarding that, cytokines play an important role as inflammation modulators, influencing the ou...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz, Sampaio, Paulo Henrique, Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo, Machado, Rosangela Zacarias, André, Marcos Rogério, Wijffels, Gene, Cadioli, Fabiano Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113191
_version_ 1784603816835940352
author Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz
Sampaio, Paulo Henrique
Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo
Machado, Rosangela Zacarias
André, Marcos Rogério
Wijffels, Gene
Cadioli, Fabiano Antonio
author_facet Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz
Sampaio, Paulo Henrique
Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo
Machado, Rosangela Zacarias
André, Marcos Rogério
Wijffels, Gene
Cadioli, Fabiano Antonio
author_sort Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Infections by Trypanosoma vivax in livestock have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide. Nevertheless, information regarding the immune response during the infection is scarce. Regarding that, cytokines play an important role as inflammation modulators, influencing the outcome of trypanosomosis. This study aimed to evaluate host cytokine production during T. vivax infection, in order to assess the increase or decrease of selected cytokines with the cattle’s ability to control the infection. While animals that showed an increase in IL-6 and IFNγ managed T. vivax parasitaemia satisfactorily, cattle that showed reduction of IL-1β, IL-2 and TNFα did not control the parasite multiplication. The presented results are preliminary and shed some light on the role of cytokines during T. vivax-infection. ABSTRACT: Trypanosoma vivax outbreaks have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, causing significant economic losses in livestock. Though several studies have suggested that cytokine responses may influence infection caused by Trypanosoma sp., their exact role remains unclear and may vary according to the animal species and parasite strain. The present study aimed to evaluate cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells from three Girolando dairy cows experimentally infected with T. vivax. For this purpose, blood samples were collected prior to the inoculation on the day of inoculation (D0), the day after inoculation (D1), and then every seven days up to 119 days after infection (DAI). Each animal presented a unique pattern of cytokine expression. While a tendency of a Th1 cytokine response was observed during the patent phase (presence of circulating parasites), an increase of Th2 cytokine expression was found at the beginning of the sub-patent phase (low parasitaemia or aparasitaemic periods). In animals that presented a better control of parasitaemia, IL-6 and IFNγ increased during most of the trial period. On the other hand, the cow that presented reduction of IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα during the entire period did not control parasitaemia properly. A balance between the Th1 and Th2 profile is beneficial for parasite control and animal health. The results found in the present study are a first step towards elucidating the dynamics of cattle’s inflammatory response against T. vivax, requiring future studies focusing on the role of key cytokines on the controlling of parasitaemia in different stages of bovine trypanosomosis.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8614243
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86142432021-11-26 A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz Sampaio, Paulo Henrique Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo Machado, Rosangela Zacarias André, Marcos Rogério Wijffels, Gene Cadioli, Fabiano Antonio Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Infections by Trypanosoma vivax in livestock have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide. Nevertheless, information regarding the immune response during the infection is scarce. Regarding that, cytokines play an important role as inflammation modulators, influencing the outcome of trypanosomosis. This study aimed to evaluate host cytokine production during T. vivax infection, in order to assess the increase or decrease of selected cytokines with the cattle’s ability to control the infection. While animals that showed an increase in IL-6 and IFNγ managed T. vivax parasitaemia satisfactorily, cattle that showed reduction of IL-1β, IL-2 and TNFα did not control the parasite multiplication. The presented results are preliminary and shed some light on the role of cytokines during T. vivax-infection. ABSTRACT: Trypanosoma vivax outbreaks have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, causing significant economic losses in livestock. Though several studies have suggested that cytokine responses may influence infection caused by Trypanosoma sp., their exact role remains unclear and may vary according to the animal species and parasite strain. The present study aimed to evaluate cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells from three Girolando dairy cows experimentally infected with T. vivax. For this purpose, blood samples were collected prior to the inoculation on the day of inoculation (D0), the day after inoculation (D1), and then every seven days up to 119 days after infection (DAI). Each animal presented a unique pattern of cytokine expression. While a tendency of a Th1 cytokine response was observed during the patent phase (presence of circulating parasites), an increase of Th2 cytokine expression was found at the beginning of the sub-patent phase (low parasitaemia or aparasitaemic periods). In animals that presented a better control of parasitaemia, IL-6 and IFNγ increased during most of the trial period. On the other hand, the cow that presented reduction of IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα during the entire period did not control parasitaemia properly. A balance between the Th1 and Th2 profile is beneficial for parasite control and animal health. The results found in the present study are a first step towards elucidating the dynamics of cattle’s inflammatory response against T. vivax, requiring future studies focusing on the role of key cytokines on the controlling of parasitaemia in different stages of bovine trypanosomosis. MDPI 2021-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8614243/ /pubmed/34827923 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113191 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Fidelis Junior, Otavio Luiz
Sampaio, Paulo Henrique
Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo
Machado, Rosangela Zacarias
André, Marcos Rogério
Wijffels, Gene
Cadioli, Fabiano Antonio
A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_full A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_fullStr A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_full_unstemmed A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_short A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_sort preliminary study on the relationship between parasitaemia and cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells in trypanosoma vivax-experimentally infected cattle
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113191
work_keys_str_mv AT fidelisjuniorotavioluiz apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT sampaiopaulohenrique apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT goncalvesluizricardo apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT machadorosangelazacarias apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT andremarcosrogerio apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT wijffelsgene apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT cadiolifabianoantonio apreliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT fidelisjuniorotavioluiz preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT sampaiopaulohenrique preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT goncalvesluizricardo preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT machadorosangelazacarias preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT andremarcosrogerio preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT wijffelsgene preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle
AT cadiolifabianoantonio preliminarystudyontherelationshipbetweenparasitaemiaandcytokineexpressionofperipheralbloodcellsintrypanosomavivaxexperimentallyinfectedcattle