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Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patient...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827340 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111402 |
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author | Di Carlo, Paola Serra, Nicola Lo Sauro, Sofia Carelli, Vincenza Maria Giarratana, Maurizio Signorello, Juan Camilo Lucchesi, Alessandro Manta, Giuseppe Napolitano, Maria Santa Rea, Teresa Cascio, Antonio Sergi, Consolato Maria Giammanco, Anna Fasciana, Teresa |
author_facet | Di Carlo, Paola Serra, Nicola Lo Sauro, Sofia Carelli, Vincenza Maria Giarratana, Maurizio Signorello, Juan Camilo Lucchesi, Alessandro Manta, Giuseppe Napolitano, Maria Santa Rea, Teresa Cascio, Antonio Sergi, Consolato Maria Giammanco, Anna Fasciana, Teresa |
author_sort | Di Carlo, Paola |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patients by age, sex, and units from blood cultures (BCs) was conducted from January 2018 to April 2020 at Sant’Elia hospital, Caltanissetta, southern Italy. We divided the patient age range into four equal intervals. Results: Multivariate demographic and microbiological variables did not show an association between bacteria distributions and gender and age. The distribution by units showed a higher prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit (ICU) and Escherichia coli in the non-intensive care units (non-ICUs). The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that E. coli was susceptible to a large class of antibiotics such as carbapenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. K. pneumoniae showed a significant susceptibility to colistin, tigecycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. From the survival analysis, patients with E. coli had a higher survival rate. Conclusions: The authors stress the importance of the implementation of large community-level programs to prevent E. coli bacteremia. K. pneumoniae and E. coli susceptibility patterns to antibiotics, including in the prescription patterns of general practitioners, suggest that the local surveillance and implementation of educational programs remain essential measures to slow down the spread of resistance and, consequently, increase the antibiotic lifespan. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8614669 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86146692021-11-26 Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy Di Carlo, Paola Serra, Nicola Lo Sauro, Sofia Carelli, Vincenza Maria Giarratana, Maurizio Signorello, Juan Camilo Lucchesi, Alessandro Manta, Giuseppe Napolitano, Maria Santa Rea, Teresa Cascio, Antonio Sergi, Consolato Maria Giammanco, Anna Fasciana, Teresa Antibiotics (Basel) Article Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patients by age, sex, and units from blood cultures (BCs) was conducted from January 2018 to April 2020 at Sant’Elia hospital, Caltanissetta, southern Italy. We divided the patient age range into four equal intervals. Results: Multivariate demographic and microbiological variables did not show an association between bacteria distributions and gender and age. The distribution by units showed a higher prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit (ICU) and Escherichia coli in the non-intensive care units (non-ICUs). The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that E. coli was susceptible to a large class of antibiotics such as carbapenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. K. pneumoniae showed a significant susceptibility to colistin, tigecycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. From the survival analysis, patients with E. coli had a higher survival rate. Conclusions: The authors stress the importance of the implementation of large community-level programs to prevent E. coli bacteremia. K. pneumoniae and E. coli susceptibility patterns to antibiotics, including in the prescription patterns of general practitioners, suggest that the local surveillance and implementation of educational programs remain essential measures to slow down the spread of resistance and, consequently, increase the antibiotic lifespan. MDPI 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8614669/ /pubmed/34827340 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111402 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Di Carlo, Paola Serra, Nicola Lo Sauro, Sofia Carelli, Vincenza Maria Giarratana, Maurizio Signorello, Juan Camilo Lucchesi, Alessandro Manta, Giuseppe Napolitano, Maria Santa Rea, Teresa Cascio, Antonio Sergi, Consolato Maria Giammanco, Anna Fasciana, Teresa Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title | Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title_full | Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title_fullStr | Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title_short | Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy |
title_sort | epidemiology and pattern of resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood samples in hospitalized patients: a single center retrospective analysis from southern italy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614669/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827340 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111402 |
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