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Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules

Phytoplasmas are plant-pathogenic bacteria that infect many important crops and environmentally relevant plant species, causing serious economic and environmental losses worldwide. These bacteria, lacking a cell wall, are sensitive to antibiotics such as tetracyclines that affect protein synthesis m...

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Autor principal: Bertaccini, Assunta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827336
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111398
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author Bertaccini, Assunta
author_facet Bertaccini, Assunta
author_sort Bertaccini, Assunta
collection PubMed
description Phytoplasmas are plant-pathogenic bacteria that infect many important crops and environmentally relevant plant species, causing serious economic and environmental losses worldwide. These bacteria, lacking a cell wall, are sensitive to antibiotics such as tetracyclines that affect protein synthesis mechanisms. Phytoplasma cultivation in axenic media has not been achieved for many strains; thus, the screening of antimicrobials must be performed using mainly in vivo materials. Some studies have investigated using in vitro phytoplasma-infected shoots, and several antimicrobials, including tetracyclines, have been tested. The screening of phytoplasma antimicrobials is important for the sustainable control of phytoplasma-associated diseases. The use of molecules with different modes of action such as ribosome inactivating proteins, plant hormones, and resistance inducers such as plasma-activated water, is advised, to avoid the use of antibiotics in agriculture and the possible emergence of resistant microbial strains.
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spelling pubmed-86147622021-11-26 Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules Bertaccini, Assunta Antibiotics (Basel) Review Phytoplasmas are plant-pathogenic bacteria that infect many important crops and environmentally relevant plant species, causing serious economic and environmental losses worldwide. These bacteria, lacking a cell wall, are sensitive to antibiotics such as tetracyclines that affect protein synthesis mechanisms. Phytoplasma cultivation in axenic media has not been achieved for many strains; thus, the screening of antimicrobials must be performed using mainly in vivo materials. Some studies have investigated using in vitro phytoplasma-infected shoots, and several antimicrobials, including tetracyclines, have been tested. The screening of phytoplasma antimicrobials is important for the sustainable control of phytoplasma-associated diseases. The use of molecules with different modes of action such as ribosome inactivating proteins, plant hormones, and resistance inducers such as plasma-activated water, is advised, to avoid the use of antibiotics in agriculture and the possible emergence of resistant microbial strains. MDPI 2021-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8614762/ /pubmed/34827336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111398 Text en © 2021 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bertaccini, Assunta
Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title_full Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title_fullStr Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title_full_unstemmed Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title_short Containment of Phytoplasma-Associated Plant Diseases by Antibiotics and Other Antimicrobial Molecules
title_sort containment of phytoplasma-associated plant diseases by antibiotics and other antimicrobial molecules
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8614762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827336
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111398
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