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Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of hospitalization in infants and young children. Monthly administration of palivizumab during the RSV season is effective in preventing severe infections in children with comorbidities. However, determining the onset of the RSV seaso...

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Autores principales: Kamori, Akiko, Morooka, Yuya, Yamamura, Kenichiro, Chong, Pin Fee, Kuga, Noriko, Takahata, Yasushi, Sagawa, Koichi, Furuno, Kenji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34964779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027952
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author Kamori, Akiko
Morooka, Yuya
Yamamura, Kenichiro
Chong, Pin Fee
Kuga, Noriko
Takahata, Yasushi
Sagawa, Koichi
Furuno, Kenji
author_facet Kamori, Akiko
Morooka, Yuya
Yamamura, Kenichiro
Chong, Pin Fee
Kuga, Noriko
Takahata, Yasushi
Sagawa, Koichi
Furuno, Kenji
author_sort Kamori, Akiko
collection PubMed
description Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of hospitalization in infants and young children. Monthly administration of palivizumab during the RSV season is effective in preventing severe infections in children with comorbidities. However, determining the onset of the RSV season for starting palivizumab is often challenging. The present study aimed to evaluate the ideal timing to start palivizumab and its effect on hospitalization in the real world. We performed a retrospective, observational study to identify the relationship between the timing of the first dose of palivizumab administration and RSV-related hospitalization. Medical records from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed. We included patients who had indications for palivizumab as of July 1 in each year. We counted the proportion of children receiving palivizumab and the number of RSV infection-related hospitalizations each month. We also evaluated the differences in background and underlying disease between children with and without hospitalization. A total of 498 patients were included, and 105 (21.0%) completed the first dose in July when the RSV season usually begins in Japan. Twenty-three (4.6%) patients were hospitalized for RSV infection during the observation period, with 13 (56.5%) hospitalizations before their first dose of palivizumab. The remaining 10 patients were hospitalized after receiving 1 or more doses of palivizumab. Children living with siblings and children with cyanosis originating from congenital heart disease had a higher risk of RSV with odds ratios of 5.1 (95% confidence interval 1.48-17.6, P < .01) and 3.3 (95% confidence interval 1.33-7.94, P < .01), respectively. Delays in administering palivizumab at the beginning of the season increases the rate of RSV infection-related hospitalization. To maximize prophylactic effectiveness, administering the first dose as early as possible in the RSV season is crucial, with priority for cyanotic children or those with siblings.
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spelling pubmed-86153462021-11-26 Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study Kamori, Akiko Morooka, Yuya Yamamura, Kenichiro Chong, Pin Fee Kuga, Noriko Takahata, Yasushi Sagawa, Koichi Furuno, Kenji Medicine (Baltimore) 6200 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of hospitalization in infants and young children. Monthly administration of palivizumab during the RSV season is effective in preventing severe infections in children with comorbidities. However, determining the onset of the RSV season for starting palivizumab is often challenging. The present study aimed to evaluate the ideal timing to start palivizumab and its effect on hospitalization in the real world. We performed a retrospective, observational study to identify the relationship between the timing of the first dose of palivizumab administration and RSV-related hospitalization. Medical records from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed. We included patients who had indications for palivizumab as of July 1 in each year. We counted the proportion of children receiving palivizumab and the number of RSV infection-related hospitalizations each month. We also evaluated the differences in background and underlying disease between children with and without hospitalization. A total of 498 patients were included, and 105 (21.0%) completed the first dose in July when the RSV season usually begins in Japan. Twenty-three (4.6%) patients were hospitalized for RSV infection during the observation period, with 13 (56.5%) hospitalizations before their first dose of palivizumab. The remaining 10 patients were hospitalized after receiving 1 or more doses of palivizumab. Children living with siblings and children with cyanosis originating from congenital heart disease had a higher risk of RSV with odds ratios of 5.1 (95% confidence interval 1.48-17.6, P < .01) and 3.3 (95% confidence interval 1.33-7.94, P < .01), respectively. Delays in administering palivizumab at the beginning of the season increases the rate of RSV infection-related hospitalization. To maximize prophylactic effectiveness, administering the first dose as early as possible in the RSV season is crucial, with priority for cyanotic children or those with siblings. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8615346/ /pubmed/34964779 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027952 Text en Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
spellingShingle 6200
Kamori, Akiko
Morooka, Yuya
Yamamura, Kenichiro
Chong, Pin Fee
Kuga, Noriko
Takahata, Yasushi
Sagawa, Koichi
Furuno, Kenji
Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title_full Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title_fullStr Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title_full_unstemmed Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title_short Effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: A retrospective, observational study
title_sort effect of delayed palivizumab administration on respiratory syncytial virus infection-related hospitalisation: a retrospective, observational study
topic 6200
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34964779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027952
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