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The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases
Immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and T and B cells, express the vitamin D receptor and 1α-hydroxylase. In vitro studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Recent epidemiological evidence has indicated a signifi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615708/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11111624 |
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author | Ao, Tomoka Kikuta, Junichi Ishii, Masaru |
author_facet | Ao, Tomoka Kikuta, Junichi Ishii, Masaru |
author_sort | Ao, Tomoka |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and T and B cells, express the vitamin D receptor and 1α-hydroxylase. In vitro studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Recent epidemiological evidence has indicated a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased incidence, or aggravation, of infectious diseases and inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. However, the impact of vitamin D on treatment and prevention, particularly in infectious diseases such as the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), remains controversial. Here, we review recent evidence associated with the relationship between vitamin D and inflammatory diseases and describe the underlying immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8615708 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86157082021-11-26 The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases Ao, Tomoka Kikuta, Junichi Ishii, Masaru Biomolecules Review Immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and T and B cells, express the vitamin D receptor and 1α-hydroxylase. In vitro studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Recent epidemiological evidence has indicated a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased incidence, or aggravation, of infectious diseases and inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. However, the impact of vitamin D on treatment and prevention, particularly in infectious diseases such as the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), remains controversial. Here, we review recent evidence associated with the relationship between vitamin D and inflammatory diseases and describe the underlying immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D. MDPI 2021-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8615708/ /pubmed/34827621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11111624 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ao, Tomoka Kikuta, Junichi Ishii, Masaru The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title | The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title_full | The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title_short | The Effects of Vitamin D on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases |
title_sort | effects of vitamin d on immune system and inflammatory diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615708/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11111624 |
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