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Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus
Several electrical stimulation patterns of the auditory nerve have been described for tinnitus relief, but there is no consensus on the most effective stimulation pattern. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the literature on the effect of intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation patte...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111394 |
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author | Assouly, Kelly K. S. Dullaart, Max J. Stokroos, Robert J. van Dijk, Bas Stegeman, Inge Smit, Adriana L. |
author_facet | Assouly, Kelly K. S. Dullaart, Max J. Stokroos, Robert J. van Dijk, Bas Stegeman, Inge Smit, Adriana L. |
author_sort | Assouly, Kelly K. S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Several electrical stimulation patterns of the auditory nerve have been described for tinnitus relief, but there is no consensus on the most effective stimulation pattern. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the literature on the effect of intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation patterns as a treatment option for patients with tinnitus. Only studies on intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation for patients with tinnitus were included if the stimulation used did not concern standardized CI stimulation patterns to primarily rehabilitate hearing loss as intervention. A total of 34 studies met the inclusion criteria, with 10 studies (89 patients) on intracochlear electrical stimulation and 25 studies on extracochlear electrical stimulation (1109 patients). There was a high to medium risk of bias in 22 studies, especially due to lack of a non-exposed group and poor selection of the exposed group. All included studies showed subjective tinnitus improvement during or after electrical stimulation, using different stimulation patterns. Due to methodological limitations and low reporting quality of the included studies, the potential of intra- and extracochlear stimulation has not been fully explored. To draw conclusions on which stimulation patterns should be optimized for tinnitus relief, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in tinnitus suppression is needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8615734 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86157342021-11-26 Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus Assouly, Kelly K. S. Dullaart, Max J. Stokroos, Robert J. van Dijk, Bas Stegeman, Inge Smit, Adriana L. Brain Sci Review Several electrical stimulation patterns of the auditory nerve have been described for tinnitus relief, but there is no consensus on the most effective stimulation pattern. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the literature on the effect of intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation patterns as a treatment option for patients with tinnitus. Only studies on intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation for patients with tinnitus were included if the stimulation used did not concern standardized CI stimulation patterns to primarily rehabilitate hearing loss as intervention. A total of 34 studies met the inclusion criteria, with 10 studies (89 patients) on intracochlear electrical stimulation and 25 studies on extracochlear electrical stimulation (1109 patients). There was a high to medium risk of bias in 22 studies, especially due to lack of a non-exposed group and poor selection of the exposed group. All included studies showed subjective tinnitus improvement during or after electrical stimulation, using different stimulation patterns. Due to methodological limitations and low reporting quality of the included studies, the potential of intra- and extracochlear stimulation has not been fully explored. To draw conclusions on which stimulation patterns should be optimized for tinnitus relief, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in tinnitus suppression is needed. MDPI 2021-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8615734/ /pubmed/34827395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111394 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Assouly, Kelly K. S. Dullaart, Max J. Stokroos, Robert J. van Dijk, Bas Stegeman, Inge Smit, Adriana L. Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title | Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title_full | Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title_fullStr | Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title_full_unstemmed | Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title_short | Systematic Review on Intra- and Extracochlear Electrical Stimulation for Tinnitus |
title_sort | systematic review on intra- and extracochlear electrical stimulation for tinnitus |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8615734/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34827395 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11111394 |
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