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Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for urinary bladder cancer (BC) are eagerly awaited, since these could improve patient’s quality of life and reduce resources and costs for the health care system. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is an important immune escape mechanism for tumors...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8616046/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225841 |
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author | Vikerfors, Anders Davidsson, Sabina Frey, Janusz Jerlström, Tomas Carlsson, Jessica |
author_facet | Vikerfors, Anders Davidsson, Sabina Frey, Janusz Jerlström, Tomas Carlsson, Jessica |
author_sort | Vikerfors, Anders |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for urinary bladder cancer (BC) are eagerly awaited, since these could improve patient’s quality of life and reduce resources and costs for the health care system. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is an important immune escape mechanism for tumors, and both high tissue expression and soluble levels of PD-L1 have been shown to be associated with worse prognosis for patients with various tumor. The knowledge about soluble PD-L1 in body fluids such as serum and urine in patients with BC is sparse, and more studies are needed to investigate its role as a biomarker for the disease. In the present study, we show that high serum PD-L1 levels are associated with aggressive disease and development of metastatic disease in BC patients. ABSTRACT: Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) levels have been identified as a potential biomarker for various cancers, but its diagnostic and prognostic value in urinary bladder cancer (BC) remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated sPD-L1 levels in serum and urine samples from 132 patients with BC and compared them to 51 patients with hematuria (controls). The levels of sPD-L1 in serum and urine were determined using ELISA. Soluble PD-L1 could be detected in 99.5% of the serum samples and 34.4% of the urine samples. Patients diagnosed with BC had significantly higher urinary levels of sPD-L1, compared to controls, however no difference were found in serum sPD-L1 levels (p = 0.038 and p = 0.61, respectively). Significantly higher serum sPD-L1 levels were found in patients with muscle invasive disease and metastatic disease, compared to patients with non-muscle invasive BC and non-metastatic disease (p < 0.05). There was also a trend for higher urine sPD-L1 levels in patients with metastatic disease, compared to patients with non-metastatic disease (p = 0.05). The results from this study suggest that sPD-L1 in serum, but not in urine, could be a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with BC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8616046 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86160462021-11-26 Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients Vikerfors, Anders Davidsson, Sabina Frey, Janusz Jerlström, Tomas Carlsson, Jessica Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for urinary bladder cancer (BC) are eagerly awaited, since these could improve patient’s quality of life and reduce resources and costs for the health care system. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is an important immune escape mechanism for tumors, and both high tissue expression and soluble levels of PD-L1 have been shown to be associated with worse prognosis for patients with various tumor. The knowledge about soluble PD-L1 in body fluids such as serum and urine in patients with BC is sparse, and more studies are needed to investigate its role as a biomarker for the disease. In the present study, we show that high serum PD-L1 levels are associated with aggressive disease and development of metastatic disease in BC patients. ABSTRACT: Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) levels have been identified as a potential biomarker for various cancers, but its diagnostic and prognostic value in urinary bladder cancer (BC) remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated sPD-L1 levels in serum and urine samples from 132 patients with BC and compared them to 51 patients with hematuria (controls). The levels of sPD-L1 in serum and urine were determined using ELISA. Soluble PD-L1 could be detected in 99.5% of the serum samples and 34.4% of the urine samples. Patients diagnosed with BC had significantly higher urinary levels of sPD-L1, compared to controls, however no difference were found in serum sPD-L1 levels (p = 0.038 and p = 0.61, respectively). Significantly higher serum sPD-L1 levels were found in patients with muscle invasive disease and metastatic disease, compared to patients with non-muscle invasive BC and non-metastatic disease (p < 0.05). There was also a trend for higher urine sPD-L1 levels in patients with metastatic disease, compared to patients with non-metastatic disease (p = 0.05). The results from this study suggest that sPD-L1 in serum, but not in urine, could be a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with BC. MDPI 2021-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8616046/ /pubmed/34830993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225841 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Vikerfors, Anders Davidsson, Sabina Frey, Janusz Jerlström, Tomas Carlsson, Jessica Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title | Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title_full | Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title_fullStr | Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title_short | Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients |
title_sort | soluble pd-l1 in serum and urine in urinary bladder cancer patients |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8616046/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225841 |
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