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Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global crisis. With the increasing number of individuals infected worldwide, the long-term consequences of this disease have become an active area of research. The constellation of symptoms COVID-19 survivors suffer from is commonly re...

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Autores principales: Habibzadeh, Parham, Dastsooz, Hassan, Eshraghi, Mehdi, Łos, Marek J., Klionsky, Daniel J., Ghavami, Saeid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8616402/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225721
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author Habibzadeh, Parham
Dastsooz, Hassan
Eshraghi, Mehdi
Łos, Marek J.
Klionsky, Daniel J.
Ghavami, Saeid
author_facet Habibzadeh, Parham
Dastsooz, Hassan
Eshraghi, Mehdi
Łos, Marek J.
Klionsky, Daniel J.
Ghavami, Saeid
author_sort Habibzadeh, Parham
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global crisis. With the increasing number of individuals infected worldwide, the long-term consequences of this disease have become an active area of research. The constellation of symptoms COVID-19 survivors suffer from is commonly referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in the scientific literature. In this paper, we discuss the potential long-term complications of this infection resulting from the persistence of the viral particles in body tissues interacting with host cells’ autophagy machinery in the context of the development of cancer, cancer progression and metastasis, as well as response to treatment. We also propose a structured framework for future studies to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19 infection on cancer. ABSTRACT: COVID-19 infection survivors suffer from a constellation of symptoms referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. However, in the wake of recent evidence highlighting the long-term persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in tissues and emerging information regarding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and various components of the host cell macroautophagy/autophagy machinery, the unforeseen long-term consequences of this infection, such as increased risk of malignancies, should be explored. Although SARS-CoV-2 is not considered an oncogenic virus, the possibility of increased risk of cancer among COVID-19 survivors cannot be ruled out. Herein, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms leading to cancer development, particularly obesity-related cancers (e.g., colorectal cancer), resulting from defects in autophagy and the blockade of the autophagic flux, and also immune escape in COVID-19 survivors. We also highlight the potential long-term implications of COVID-19 infection in the prognosis of patients with cancer and their response to different cancer treatments. Finally, we consider future directions for further investigations on this matter.
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spelling pubmed-86164022021-11-26 Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer Habibzadeh, Parham Dastsooz, Hassan Eshraghi, Mehdi Łos, Marek J. Klionsky, Daniel J. Ghavami, Saeid Cancers (Basel) Hypothesis SIMPLE SUMMARY: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global crisis. With the increasing number of individuals infected worldwide, the long-term consequences of this disease have become an active area of research. The constellation of symptoms COVID-19 survivors suffer from is commonly referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome in the scientific literature. In this paper, we discuss the potential long-term complications of this infection resulting from the persistence of the viral particles in body tissues interacting with host cells’ autophagy machinery in the context of the development of cancer, cancer progression and metastasis, as well as response to treatment. We also propose a structured framework for future studies to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19 infection on cancer. ABSTRACT: COVID-19 infection survivors suffer from a constellation of symptoms referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. However, in the wake of recent evidence highlighting the long-term persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in tissues and emerging information regarding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and various components of the host cell macroautophagy/autophagy machinery, the unforeseen long-term consequences of this infection, such as increased risk of malignancies, should be explored. Although SARS-CoV-2 is not considered an oncogenic virus, the possibility of increased risk of cancer among COVID-19 survivors cannot be ruled out. Herein, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms leading to cancer development, particularly obesity-related cancers (e.g., colorectal cancer), resulting from defects in autophagy and the blockade of the autophagic flux, and also immune escape in COVID-19 survivors. We also highlight the potential long-term implications of COVID-19 infection in the prognosis of patients with cancer and their response to different cancer treatments. Finally, we consider future directions for further investigations on this matter. MDPI 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8616402/ /pubmed/34830876 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225721 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Hypothesis
Habibzadeh, Parham
Dastsooz, Hassan
Eshraghi, Mehdi
Łos, Marek J.
Klionsky, Daniel J.
Ghavami, Saeid
Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title_full Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title_fullStr Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title_short Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer
title_sort autophagy: the potential link between sars-cov-2 and cancer
topic Hypothesis
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8616402/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225721
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