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Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower

Natural selection is responsible for much of the diversity we see in nature. Just as it drives the evolution of new traits, it can also lead to new species. However, it is unclear whether natural selection conferring adaptation to local environments can drive speciation through the evolution of hybr...

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Autores principales: Wilkinson, Melanie J., Roda, Federico, Walter, Greg M., James, Maddie E., Nipper, Rick, Walsh, Jessica, Allen, Scott L., North, Henry L., Beveridge, Christine A., Ortiz-Barrientos, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8617494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34789571
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004901118
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author Wilkinson, Melanie J.
Roda, Federico
Walter, Greg M.
James, Maddie E.
Nipper, Rick
Walsh, Jessica
Allen, Scott L.
North, Henry L.
Beveridge, Christine A.
Ortiz-Barrientos, Daniel
author_facet Wilkinson, Melanie J.
Roda, Federico
Walter, Greg M.
James, Maddie E.
Nipper, Rick
Walsh, Jessica
Allen, Scott L.
North, Henry L.
Beveridge, Christine A.
Ortiz-Barrientos, Daniel
author_sort Wilkinson, Melanie J.
collection PubMed
description Natural selection is responsible for much of the diversity we see in nature. Just as it drives the evolution of new traits, it can also lead to new species. However, it is unclear whether natural selection conferring adaptation to local environments can drive speciation through the evolution of hybrid sterility between populations. Here, we show that adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism, the ability of a plant’s shoot to bend upwards in response to the downward pull of gravity, contributes to the evolution of hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower, Senecio lautus. We find that shoot gravitropism has evolved multiple times in association with plant height between adjacent populations inhabiting contrasting environments, suggesting that these traits have evolved by natural selection. We directly tested this prediction using a hybrid population subjected to eight rounds of recombination and three rounds of selection in the field. Our experiments revealed that shoot gravitropism responds to natural selection in the expected direction of the locally adapted population. Using the advanced hybrid population, we discovered that individuals with extreme differences in gravitropism had more sterile crosses than individuals with similar gravitropic responses, which were largely fertile, indicating that this adaptive trait is genetically correlated with hybrid sterility. Our results suggest that natural selection can drive the evolution of locally adaptive traits that also create hybrid sterility, thus revealing an evolutionary connection between local adaptation and the origin of new species.
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spelling pubmed-86174942021-12-10 Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower Wilkinson, Melanie J. Roda, Federico Walter, Greg M. James, Maddie E. Nipper, Rick Walsh, Jessica Allen, Scott L. North, Henry L. Beveridge, Christine A. Ortiz-Barrientos, Daniel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Natural selection is responsible for much of the diversity we see in nature. Just as it drives the evolution of new traits, it can also lead to new species. However, it is unclear whether natural selection conferring adaptation to local environments can drive speciation through the evolution of hybrid sterility between populations. Here, we show that adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism, the ability of a plant’s shoot to bend upwards in response to the downward pull of gravity, contributes to the evolution of hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower, Senecio lautus. We find that shoot gravitropism has evolved multiple times in association with plant height between adjacent populations inhabiting contrasting environments, suggesting that these traits have evolved by natural selection. We directly tested this prediction using a hybrid population subjected to eight rounds of recombination and three rounds of selection in the field. Our experiments revealed that shoot gravitropism responds to natural selection in the expected direction of the locally adapted population. Using the advanced hybrid population, we discovered that individuals with extreme differences in gravitropism had more sterile crosses than individuals with similar gravitropic responses, which were largely fertile, indicating that this adaptive trait is genetically correlated with hybrid sterility. Our results suggest that natural selection can drive the evolution of locally adaptive traits that also create hybrid sterility, thus revealing an evolutionary connection between local adaptation and the origin of new species. National Academy of Sciences 2021-11-17 2021-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8617494/ /pubmed/34789571 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004901118 Text en Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Wilkinson, Melanie J.
Roda, Federico
Walter, Greg M.
James, Maddie E.
Nipper, Rick
Walsh, Jessica
Allen, Scott L.
North, Henry L.
Beveridge, Christine A.
Ortiz-Barrientos, Daniel
Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title_full Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title_fullStr Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title_full_unstemmed Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title_short Adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an Australian wildflower
title_sort adaptive divergence in shoot gravitropism creates hybrid sterility in an australian wildflower
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8617494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34789571
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004901118
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