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Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water

Heavy metal contamination in water poses a great risk to human health as well as to the lives of other creatures. Activated carbon is a useful material to be applied for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. In this study, functionalized activated carbon (FAC) was produced by the inductio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Baby, Rabia, Hussein, Mohd Zobir, Zainal, Zulkarnain, Abdullah, Abdul Halim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618140/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835897
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11113133
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author Baby, Rabia
Hussein, Mohd Zobir
Zainal, Zulkarnain
Abdullah, Abdul Halim
author_facet Baby, Rabia
Hussein, Mohd Zobir
Zainal, Zulkarnain
Abdullah, Abdul Halim
author_sort Baby, Rabia
collection PubMed
description Heavy metal contamination in water poses a great risk to human health as well as to the lives of other creatures. Activated carbon is a useful material to be applied for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. In this study, functionalized activated carbon (FAC) was produced by the induction of nitro groups onto activated carbon using nitric acid. The resulting material was characterized in detail using the XRD, Raman, BET, FTIR, and FESEM techniques. The FAC was used for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water using different adsorption parameters, i.e., solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and heavy metal ion concentrations, and these parameters were systematically optimized. It was found that FAC requires 90 min for the maximum adsorption of the heavy metal ions; Cr(6+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+) and Cd(2+). The kinetic study revealed that the metal ion adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to determine the best fitting adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption capacities were also determined for each metal ion.
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spelling pubmed-86181402021-11-27 Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water Baby, Rabia Hussein, Mohd Zobir Zainal, Zulkarnain Abdullah, Abdul Halim Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Heavy metal contamination in water poses a great risk to human health as well as to the lives of other creatures. Activated carbon is a useful material to be applied for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. In this study, functionalized activated carbon (FAC) was produced by the induction of nitro groups onto activated carbon using nitric acid. The resulting material was characterized in detail using the XRD, Raman, BET, FTIR, and FESEM techniques. The FAC was used for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water using different adsorption parameters, i.e., solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and heavy metal ion concentrations, and these parameters were systematically optimized. It was found that FAC requires 90 min for the maximum adsorption of the heavy metal ions; Cr(6+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+) and Cd(2+). The kinetic study revealed that the metal ion adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to determine the best fitting adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption capacities were also determined for each metal ion. MDPI 2021-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8618140/ /pubmed/34835897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11113133 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Baby, Rabia
Hussein, Mohd Zobir
Zainal, Zulkarnain
Abdullah, Abdul Halim
Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title_full Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title_fullStr Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title_full_unstemmed Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title_short Functionalized Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Kernel Shells for the Treatment of Simulated Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
title_sort functionalized activated carbon derived from palm kernel shells for the treatment of simulated heavy metal-contaminated water
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618140/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835897
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11113133
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