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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents

Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of...

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Autores principales: Choi, Wonchul, Lee, Sang-June, Oh, Jongbeom, Baek, Hongseok, Yang, Jinhyuk, Shin, Jaeyeon, Jung, Bosung, Lee, Soonchul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111985
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author Choi, Wonchul
Lee, Sang-June
Oh, Jongbeom
Baek, Hongseok
Yang, Jinhyuk
Shin, Jaeyeon
Jung, Bosung
Lee, Soonchul
author_facet Choi, Wonchul
Lee, Sang-June
Oh, Jongbeom
Baek, Hongseok
Yang, Jinhyuk
Shin, Jaeyeon
Jung, Bosung
Lee, Soonchul
author_sort Choi, Wonchul
collection PubMed
description Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of the patellofemoral joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 852 patients aged between 4 and 18 years with a history of knee MRI examinations were screened for eligibility and 663 patients (470 males, 193 females) were included. Patients were divided into groups according to age and sex. The age group was divided into five groups (Group 1, 4–6 years; Group 2, 7–9 years; Group 3, 10–12 years; Group 4, 13–15 years; and Group 5, 16–18 years). Three orthopaedic surgeons measured MRI parameters reflecting the patellofemoral morphology (sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth) and alignment (tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, percent sulcus location, and percent tibia tuberosity location). Results: Parameters including tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, sulcus angle, percent tibial tuberosity location, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth showed significant differences between the age groups (p < 0.05). The sulcus angle decreased fin Group 2, and the femoral depth showed an increasing trend with aging in male patients. However, the sulcus angle in females decreased first and then increased in Group 3 as the inflection point. The femoral depth showed an opposite pattern. Conclusions: Patellofemoral morphometry showed age and gender variation. Notably, the sulcus angle and femoral depth were significantly different between males and females and changed according to the development. These findings may reflect the sex difference and peak incidence of the patellar instability risk. Understanding the morphological changes and differences of the patellofemoral joint may facilitate the diagnosis of patellofemoral pathologies.
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spelling pubmed-86185992021-11-27 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents Choi, Wonchul Lee, Sang-June Oh, Jongbeom Baek, Hongseok Yang, Jinhyuk Shin, Jaeyeon Jung, Bosung Lee, Soonchul Diagnostics (Basel) Article Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of the patellofemoral joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 852 patients aged between 4 and 18 years with a history of knee MRI examinations were screened for eligibility and 663 patients (470 males, 193 females) were included. Patients were divided into groups according to age and sex. The age group was divided into five groups (Group 1, 4–6 years; Group 2, 7–9 years; Group 3, 10–12 years; Group 4, 13–15 years; and Group 5, 16–18 years). Three orthopaedic surgeons measured MRI parameters reflecting the patellofemoral morphology (sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth) and alignment (tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, percent sulcus location, and percent tibia tuberosity location). Results: Parameters including tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, sulcus angle, percent tibial tuberosity location, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth showed significant differences between the age groups (p < 0.05). The sulcus angle decreased fin Group 2, and the femoral depth showed an increasing trend with aging in male patients. However, the sulcus angle in females decreased first and then increased in Group 3 as the inflection point. The femoral depth showed an opposite pattern. Conclusions: Patellofemoral morphometry showed age and gender variation. Notably, the sulcus angle and femoral depth were significantly different between males and females and changed according to the development. These findings may reflect the sex difference and peak incidence of the patellar instability risk. Understanding the morphological changes and differences of the patellofemoral joint may facilitate the diagnosis of patellofemoral pathologies. MDPI 2021-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8618599/ /pubmed/34829334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111985 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Choi, Wonchul
Lee, Sang-June
Oh, Jongbeom
Baek, Hongseok
Yang, Jinhyuk
Shin, Jaeyeon
Jung, Bosung
Lee, Soonchul
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_full Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_fullStr Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_short Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_sort magnetic resonance imaging of patellofemoral morphometry reveals age and gender variations in the knees of children and adolescents
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111985
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