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Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge

Genodermatoses represent a group of uncommon, hereditary, single-gene skin disorders, characterized by multisystem involvement, heterogeneous clinical manifestations and different degrees of morbidity and mortality. Some genodermatoses may have oral mucosa and nail involvement, since the oral cavity...

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Autores principales: Cantile, Tiziana, Coppola, Noemi, Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto, Russo, Daniela, Bucci, Paolo, Spagnuolo, Gianrico, Mignogna, Michele Davide, Leuci, Stefania
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10225404
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author Cantile, Tiziana
Coppola, Noemi
Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto
Russo, Daniela
Bucci, Paolo
Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Mignogna, Michele Davide
Leuci, Stefania
author_facet Cantile, Tiziana
Coppola, Noemi
Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto
Russo, Daniela
Bucci, Paolo
Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Mignogna, Michele Davide
Leuci, Stefania
author_sort Cantile, Tiziana
collection PubMed
description Genodermatoses represent a group of uncommon, hereditary, single-gene skin disorders, characterized by multisystem involvement, heterogeneous clinical manifestations and different degrees of morbidity and mortality. Some genodermatoses may have oral mucosa and nail involvement, since the oral cavity and cutaneous organ system, including nails, share a close embryologic origin. Nail disorders can manifest with nail hypoplasia or nail hypertrophy. Clinical pictures of affected oral mucosa can be extremely heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic papules to painful blisters, leukokeratosis, oral papillomas and fibromas to oral potentially malignant disorders and cancerous lesions. Oral mucosa and nails pathological features may occur synchronously or not and are usually associated with other systemic and skin manifestations. In some cases, oral mucosa and nails diseases may be distinct and constitute the principal sign of the genetic disorder, in other cases they represent only a part of the puzzle for the confirmation of the diagnosis. Continued awareness of the correlation between oral mucosa and nails findings can help physicians to diagnose genodermatosis in a timely manner, allowing more effective clinical management and prevention and/or early detection of complications. This article provides an overview of all specific genodermatoses affecting both oral mucosa and nails. Moreover, the correlation between teeth and nails is summarized in tabular form.
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spelling pubmed-86186642021-11-27 Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge Cantile, Tiziana Coppola, Noemi Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto Russo, Daniela Bucci, Paolo Spagnuolo, Gianrico Mignogna, Michele Davide Leuci, Stefania J Clin Med Review Genodermatoses represent a group of uncommon, hereditary, single-gene skin disorders, characterized by multisystem involvement, heterogeneous clinical manifestations and different degrees of morbidity and mortality. Some genodermatoses may have oral mucosa and nail involvement, since the oral cavity and cutaneous organ system, including nails, share a close embryologic origin. Nail disorders can manifest with nail hypoplasia or nail hypertrophy. Clinical pictures of affected oral mucosa can be extremely heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic papules to painful blisters, leukokeratosis, oral papillomas and fibromas to oral potentially malignant disorders and cancerous lesions. Oral mucosa and nails pathological features may occur synchronously or not and are usually associated with other systemic and skin manifestations. In some cases, oral mucosa and nails diseases may be distinct and constitute the principal sign of the genetic disorder, in other cases they represent only a part of the puzzle for the confirmation of the diagnosis. Continued awareness of the correlation between oral mucosa and nails findings can help physicians to diagnose genodermatosis in a timely manner, allowing more effective clinical management and prevention and/or early detection of complications. This article provides an overview of all specific genodermatoses affecting both oral mucosa and nails. Moreover, the correlation between teeth and nails is summarized in tabular form. MDPI 2021-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8618664/ /pubmed/34830686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10225404 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cantile, Tiziana
Coppola, Noemi
Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto
Russo, Daniela
Bucci, Paolo
Spagnuolo, Gianrico
Mignogna, Michele Davide
Leuci, Stefania
Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title_full Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title_fullStr Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title_full_unstemmed Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title_short Oral Mucosa and Nails in Genodermatoses: A Diagnostic Challenge
title_sort oral mucosa and nails in genodermatoses: a diagnostic challenge
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10225404
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