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Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, responsible for the onset of several long-term complications. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction represents an emerging complication of DM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still obscur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830246 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212366 |
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author | Pignalosa, Francesca Chiara Desiderio, Antonella Mirra, Paola Nigro, Cecilia Perruolo, Giuseppe Ulianich, Luca Formisano, Pietro Beguinot, Francesco Miele, Claudia Napoli, Raffaele Fiory, Francesca |
author_facet | Pignalosa, Francesca Chiara Desiderio, Antonella Mirra, Paola Nigro, Cecilia Perruolo, Giuseppe Ulianich, Luca Formisano, Pietro Beguinot, Francesco Miele, Claudia Napoli, Raffaele Fiory, Francesca |
author_sort | Pignalosa, Francesca Chiara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, responsible for the onset of several long-term complications. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction represents an emerging complication of DM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still obscure. Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter essentially known for its relevance in the regulation of behavior and movement, modulates cognitive function, too. Interestingly, alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in DM. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the most relevant experimental results assessing DA’s role in cognitive function, highlighting the presence of dopaminergic dysfunction in DM and supporting a role for glucotoxicity in DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Several studies confirm a role for DA in cognition both in animal models and in humans. Similarly, significant alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in animal models of experimental diabetes and in diabetic patients, too. Evidence is accumulating that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) are associated with cognitive impairment and alterations of the dopaminergic system. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms linking DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment and to assess the deleterious impact of glucotoxicity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8619146 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86191462021-11-27 Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction Pignalosa, Francesca Chiara Desiderio, Antonella Mirra, Paola Nigro, Cecilia Perruolo, Giuseppe Ulianich, Luca Formisano, Pietro Beguinot, Francesco Miele, Claudia Napoli, Raffaele Fiory, Francesca Int J Mol Sci Review Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, responsible for the onset of several long-term complications. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction represents an emerging complication of DM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still obscure. Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter essentially known for its relevance in the regulation of behavior and movement, modulates cognitive function, too. Interestingly, alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in DM. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the most relevant experimental results assessing DA’s role in cognitive function, highlighting the presence of dopaminergic dysfunction in DM and supporting a role for glucotoxicity in DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Several studies confirm a role for DA in cognition both in animal models and in humans. Similarly, significant alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in animal models of experimental diabetes and in diabetic patients, too. Evidence is accumulating that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) are associated with cognitive impairment and alterations of the dopaminergic system. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms linking DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment and to assess the deleterious impact of glucotoxicity. MDPI 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8619146/ /pubmed/34830246 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212366 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Pignalosa, Francesca Chiara Desiderio, Antonella Mirra, Paola Nigro, Cecilia Perruolo, Giuseppe Ulianich, Luca Formisano, Pietro Beguinot, Francesco Miele, Claudia Napoli, Raffaele Fiory, Francesca Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title | Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title_full | Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title_fullStr | Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title_full_unstemmed | Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title_short | Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction |
title_sort | diabetes and cognitive impairment: a role for glucotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34830246 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212366 |
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