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Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel
The periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer (PPM EMAT) is a sensor that can generate and receive shear horizontal (SH) waves without direct contact with the inspected medium using the Lorentz mechanism. However, the PPM EMAT experiences high signal variance on ferromagnetic ste...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227700 |
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author | Sun, Cong Zhu Sinclair, Anthony Filleter, Tobin |
author_facet | Sun, Cong Zhu Sinclair, Anthony Filleter, Tobin |
author_sort | Sun, Cong Zhu |
collection | PubMed |
description | The periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer (PPM EMAT) is a sensor that can generate and receive shear horizontal (SH) waves without direct contact with the inspected medium using the Lorentz mechanism. However, the PPM EMAT experiences high signal variance on ferromagnetic steel under specific conditions, such as a change in signal amplitude when the sensor is moved in the direction of SH wave propagation. Magnetostriction effects are hypothesized to be the cause of these anomalous behaviors; the objective of this paper is to determine the relative strengths of the magnetostriction and Lorentz wave generation mechanisms for this type of EMAT on steel. This goal is accomplished through the use of a second EMAT, which induces only magnetostriction (MS-EMAT), to calibrate a novel semi-empirical magnetostriction model. It is found that magnetostriction effects reduce the amplitude of the SH wave generated by this particular PPM EMAT transmitter by an average of 29% over a range of input currents. It is also determined that magnetostriction is significant only in the investigated PPM EMAT transmitter, not the receiver. In terms of practical application, it is shown that the MS-EMAT is less sensitive to changes in the static and dynamic fields than PPM EMATs at specific operating points; this makes the MS-EMAT a viable alternative for nondestructive evaluation despite lower amplitudes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8619184 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86191842021-11-27 Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel Sun, Cong Zhu Sinclair, Anthony Filleter, Tobin Sensors (Basel) Article The periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer (PPM EMAT) is a sensor that can generate and receive shear horizontal (SH) waves without direct contact with the inspected medium using the Lorentz mechanism. However, the PPM EMAT experiences high signal variance on ferromagnetic steel under specific conditions, such as a change in signal amplitude when the sensor is moved in the direction of SH wave propagation. Magnetostriction effects are hypothesized to be the cause of these anomalous behaviors; the objective of this paper is to determine the relative strengths of the magnetostriction and Lorentz wave generation mechanisms for this type of EMAT on steel. This goal is accomplished through the use of a second EMAT, which induces only magnetostriction (MS-EMAT), to calibrate a novel semi-empirical magnetostriction model. It is found that magnetostriction effects reduce the amplitude of the SH wave generated by this particular PPM EMAT transmitter by an average of 29% over a range of input currents. It is also determined that magnetostriction is significant only in the investigated PPM EMAT transmitter, not the receiver. In terms of practical application, it is shown that the MS-EMAT is less sensitive to changes in the static and dynamic fields than PPM EMATs at specific operating points; this makes the MS-EMAT a viable alternative for nondestructive evaluation despite lower amplitudes. MDPI 2021-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8619184/ /pubmed/34833773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227700 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sun, Cong Zhu Sinclair, Anthony Filleter, Tobin Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title | Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title_full | Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title_fullStr | Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title_short | Influence of Magnetostriction Induced by the Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (PPM EMAT) on Steel |
title_sort | influence of magnetostriction induced by the periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer (ppm emat) on steel |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227700 |
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