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Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer
The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and has three functional domains, namely the N-terminal, DNA binding, and C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain harbors potent transactivation functions, whereas the C-terminal domain binds to androgens and antiandrogens u...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831421 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10113198 |
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author | Taheri, Mohammad Khoshbakht, Tayyebeh Jamali, Elena Kallenbach, Julia Ghafouri-Fard, Soudeh Baniahmad, Aria |
author_facet | Taheri, Mohammad Khoshbakht, Tayyebeh Jamali, Elena Kallenbach, Julia Ghafouri-Fard, Soudeh Baniahmad, Aria |
author_sort | Taheri, Mohammad |
collection | PubMed |
description | The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and has three functional domains, namely the N-terminal, DNA binding, and C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain harbors potent transactivation functions, whereas the C-terminal domain binds to androgens and antiandrogens used to treat prostate cancer. AR has genomic activity being DNA binding-dependent or through interaction with other DNA-bound transcription factors, as well as a number of non-genomic, non-canonical functions, such as the activation of the ERK, AKT, and MAPK pathways. A bulk of evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs have functional interactions with AR. This type of interaction is implicated in the pathogenesis of human malignancies, particularly prostate cancer. In the current review, we summarize the available data on the role of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs on the expression of AR and modulation of AR signaling, as well as the effects of AR on their expression. Recognition of the complicated interaction between non-coding RNAs and AR has practical importance in the design of novel treatment options, as well as modulation of response to conventional therapeutics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8619311 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86193112021-11-27 Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer Taheri, Mohammad Khoshbakht, Tayyebeh Jamali, Elena Kallenbach, Julia Ghafouri-Fard, Soudeh Baniahmad, Aria Cells Review The androgen receptor (AR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and has three functional domains, namely the N-terminal, DNA binding, and C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain harbors potent transactivation functions, whereas the C-terminal domain binds to androgens and antiandrogens used to treat prostate cancer. AR has genomic activity being DNA binding-dependent or through interaction with other DNA-bound transcription factors, as well as a number of non-genomic, non-canonical functions, such as the activation of the ERK, AKT, and MAPK pathways. A bulk of evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs have functional interactions with AR. This type of interaction is implicated in the pathogenesis of human malignancies, particularly prostate cancer. In the current review, we summarize the available data on the role of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs on the expression of AR and modulation of AR signaling, as well as the effects of AR on their expression. Recognition of the complicated interaction between non-coding RNAs and AR has practical importance in the design of novel treatment options, as well as modulation of response to conventional therapeutics. MDPI 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8619311/ /pubmed/34831421 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10113198 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Taheri, Mohammad Khoshbakht, Tayyebeh Jamali, Elena Kallenbach, Julia Ghafouri-Fard, Soudeh Baniahmad, Aria Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title | Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title_full | Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title_fullStr | Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title_short | Interaction between Non-Coding RNAs and Androgen Receptor with an Especial Focus on Prostate Cancer |
title_sort | interaction between non-coding rnas and androgen receptor with an especial focus on prostate cancer |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831421 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10113198 |
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