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Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

The prevalence of mycotoxins is often increased by the climatic conditions prevailing in tropical regions. Reports have revealed the contamination of mycotoxins in some types of vegetable oil. However, vegetable oil is one of the essential ingredients used in food preparation. Thus, this study deter...

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Autores principales: Junsai, Thammaporn, Poapolathep, Saranya, Sutjarit, Samak, Giorgi, Mario, Zhang, Zhaowei, Logrieco, Antonio Francesco, Li, Peiwu, Poapolathep, Amnart
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112795
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author Junsai, Thammaporn
Poapolathep, Saranya
Sutjarit, Samak
Giorgi, Mario
Zhang, Zhaowei
Logrieco, Antonio Francesco
Li, Peiwu
Poapolathep, Amnart
author_facet Junsai, Thammaporn
Poapolathep, Saranya
Sutjarit, Samak
Giorgi, Mario
Zhang, Zhaowei
Logrieco, Antonio Francesco
Li, Peiwu
Poapolathep, Amnart
author_sort Junsai, Thammaporn
collection PubMed
description The prevalence of mycotoxins is often increased by the climatic conditions prevailing in tropical regions. Reports have revealed the contamination of mycotoxins in some types of vegetable oil. However, vegetable oil is one of the essential ingredients used in food preparation. Thus, this study determined the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins in six types of vegetable oils commercially available in Thailand to assess the consumer health risk. In total, 300 vegetable oil samples (olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, and rice bran oil) collected from various markets in Thailand were analyzed for the presence of nine mycotoxins, namely, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), beauvericin (BEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and fumonisin B2 (FB2) using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS)-based procedure and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The incidences of mycotoxin contamination varied among the different types of oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 were most frequently found in contaminated samples. AFB2, BEA, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated olive oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG2, and OTA contaminated palm oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, and ZEA were found in soybean oils, whereas ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated corn oil samples. AFB1 and AFG1 contaminated sunflower oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and OTA were detected in rice bran oil samples. However, the contamination levels of the analyzed mycotoxins were below the regulatory limits.
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spelling pubmed-86193272021-11-27 Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Junsai, Thammaporn Poapolathep, Saranya Sutjarit, Samak Giorgi, Mario Zhang, Zhaowei Logrieco, Antonio Francesco Li, Peiwu Poapolathep, Amnart Foods Article The prevalence of mycotoxins is often increased by the climatic conditions prevailing in tropical regions. Reports have revealed the contamination of mycotoxins in some types of vegetable oil. However, vegetable oil is one of the essential ingredients used in food preparation. Thus, this study determined the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins in six types of vegetable oils commercially available in Thailand to assess the consumer health risk. In total, 300 vegetable oil samples (olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, and rice bran oil) collected from various markets in Thailand were analyzed for the presence of nine mycotoxins, namely, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), beauvericin (BEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and fumonisin B2 (FB2) using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS)-based procedure and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The incidences of mycotoxin contamination varied among the different types of oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 were most frequently found in contaminated samples. AFB2, BEA, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated olive oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG2, and OTA contaminated palm oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, and ZEA were found in soybean oils, whereas ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated corn oil samples. AFB1 and AFG1 contaminated sunflower oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and OTA were detected in rice bran oil samples. However, the contamination levels of the analyzed mycotoxins were below the regulatory limits. MDPI 2021-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8619327/ /pubmed/34829076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112795 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Junsai, Thammaporn
Poapolathep, Saranya
Sutjarit, Samak
Giorgi, Mario
Zhang, Zhaowei
Logrieco, Antonio Francesco
Li, Peiwu
Poapolathep, Amnart
Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title_full Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title_fullStr Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title_full_unstemmed Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title_short Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
title_sort determination of multiple mycotoxins and their natural occurrence in edible vegetable oils using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112795
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