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Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy

Malaria still represents a potential public health issue in Italy, and the presence of former Anopheles vectors and cases imported annually merit continuous surveillance. In areas no longer endemic, the concurrent presence of gametocyte carriers and competent vectors makes re-emergence of local tran...

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Autores principales: Raele, Donato Antonio, Severini, Francesco, Boccolini, Daniela, Menegon, Michela, Toma, Luciano, Vasco, Ilaria, Franco, Ettore, Miccolis, Pasquale, Desiante, Francesco, Nola, Vincenzo, Salerno, Pietrangelo, Cafiero, Maria Assunta, Di Luca, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111521
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author Raele, Donato Antonio
Severini, Francesco
Boccolini, Daniela
Menegon, Michela
Toma, Luciano
Vasco, Ilaria
Franco, Ettore
Miccolis, Pasquale
Desiante, Francesco
Nola, Vincenzo
Salerno, Pietrangelo
Cafiero, Maria Assunta
Di Luca, Marco
author_facet Raele, Donato Antonio
Severini, Francesco
Boccolini, Daniela
Menegon, Michela
Toma, Luciano
Vasco, Ilaria
Franco, Ettore
Miccolis, Pasquale
Desiante, Francesco
Nola, Vincenzo
Salerno, Pietrangelo
Cafiero, Maria Assunta
Di Luca, Marco
author_sort Raele, Donato Antonio
collection PubMed
description Malaria still represents a potential public health issue in Italy, and the presence of former Anopheles vectors and cases imported annually merit continuous surveillance. In areas no longer endemic, the concurrent presence of gametocyte carriers and competent vectors makes re-emergence of local transmission possible, as recently reported in Greece. In October 2017, due to the occurrence of four suspected introduced malaria cases in the province of Taranto (Apulia region), entomological investigations were performed to verify the involvement of local anopheline species. In 2019–2020 entomological surveys were extended to other areas historically prone to malaria between the provinces of Taranto and Matera and the province of Foggia (Gargano Promontory). Resting mosquitoes were collected in animal shelters and human dwellings, larvae were sampled in natural and artificial breeding sites, and specimens were both morphologically and molecularly identified. A total of 2228 mosquitoes were collected, 54.3% of which were anophelines. In all the investigated areas, Anopheles labranchiae was the most widespread species, while Anopheles algeriensis was predominant at the Gargano sites, and Anopheles superpictus and Anopheles plumbeus were recorded in the province of Matera. Our findings showed a potentially high receptivity in the surveyed areas, where the abundance of the two former malaria vectors, An. labranchiae and An. superpictus, is related to environmental and climatic parameters and to anthropic activities.
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spelling pubmed-86195602021-11-27 Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy Raele, Donato Antonio Severini, Francesco Boccolini, Daniela Menegon, Michela Toma, Luciano Vasco, Ilaria Franco, Ettore Miccolis, Pasquale Desiante, Francesco Nola, Vincenzo Salerno, Pietrangelo Cafiero, Maria Assunta Di Luca, Marco Pathogens Article Malaria still represents a potential public health issue in Italy, and the presence of former Anopheles vectors and cases imported annually merit continuous surveillance. In areas no longer endemic, the concurrent presence of gametocyte carriers and competent vectors makes re-emergence of local transmission possible, as recently reported in Greece. In October 2017, due to the occurrence of four suspected introduced malaria cases in the province of Taranto (Apulia region), entomological investigations were performed to verify the involvement of local anopheline species. In 2019–2020 entomological surveys were extended to other areas historically prone to malaria between the provinces of Taranto and Matera and the province of Foggia (Gargano Promontory). Resting mosquitoes were collected in animal shelters and human dwellings, larvae were sampled in natural and artificial breeding sites, and specimens were both morphologically and molecularly identified. A total of 2228 mosquitoes were collected, 54.3% of which were anophelines. In all the investigated areas, Anopheles labranchiae was the most widespread species, while Anopheles algeriensis was predominant at the Gargano sites, and Anopheles superpictus and Anopheles plumbeus were recorded in the province of Matera. Our findings showed a potentially high receptivity in the surveyed areas, where the abundance of the two former malaria vectors, An. labranchiae and An. superpictus, is related to environmental and climatic parameters and to anthropic activities. MDPI 2021-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8619560/ /pubmed/34832676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111521 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Raele, Donato Antonio
Severini, Francesco
Boccolini, Daniela
Menegon, Michela
Toma, Luciano
Vasco, Ilaria
Franco, Ettore
Miccolis, Pasquale
Desiante, Francesco
Nola, Vincenzo
Salerno, Pietrangelo
Cafiero, Maria Assunta
Di Luca, Marco
Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title_full Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title_fullStr Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title_full_unstemmed Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title_short Entomological Surveillance in Former Malaria-endemic Areas of Southern Italy
title_sort entomological surveillance in former malaria-endemic areas of southern italy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8619560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111521
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