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Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently und...

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Autores principales: Burlui, Alexandra Maria, Cardoneanu, Anca, Macovei, Luana Andreea, Rezus, Ciprian, Boiculese, Lucian Vasile, Graur, Mariana, Rezus, Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620611/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829464
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112118
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author Burlui, Alexandra Maria
Cardoneanu, Anca
Macovei, Luana Andreea
Rezus, Ciprian
Boiculese, Lucian Vasile
Graur, Mariana
Rezus, Elena
author_facet Burlui, Alexandra Maria
Cardoneanu, Anca
Macovei, Luana Andreea
Rezus, Ciprian
Boiculese, Lucian Vasile
Graur, Mariana
Rezus, Elena
author_sort Burlui, Alexandra Maria
collection PubMed
description Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently underestimated, its management currently remaining a subject of debate. The main objective of the present study was to perform a detailed assessment of scleroderma patients’ diet as well as their eating habits and to describe the relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk in the absence of professional nutritional counseling. Methods: We used a translated and validated version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire) to evaluate the patients’ diet and MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) to investigate the risk of malnutrition. Disease activity was estimated using the EUSTAR-AI (European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index). Results: We included 69 patients with SSc, of which 42 underwent a detailed dietary assessment. Dietary factors were connected to body composition and digestive symptoms. We found high sodium intake and frequent suboptimal energy consumption in our study group, including patients with cardiopulmonary involvement. Liver transaminases were inversely correlated with the consumption of nuts and seeds. Malnutrition and weight loss were significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and the extent of skin fibrosis, but not advanced age. Although the patients with EUSTAR-AI ≥ 2.5 were more frequently included in the moderate and high malnutrition risk categories, these results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Currently, there is an unmet need for longitudinal and interventional research focusing on the long-term significance, ramifications, and management of nutritional impairment in SSc patients with various clinical manifestations. Our results indicate that scleroderma patients could benefit from personalized nutritional counseling in an interdisciplinary setting.
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spelling pubmed-86206112021-11-27 Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention? Burlui, Alexandra Maria Cardoneanu, Anca Macovei, Luana Andreea Rezus, Ciprian Boiculese, Lucian Vasile Graur, Mariana Rezus, Elena Diagnostics (Basel) Article Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently underestimated, its management currently remaining a subject of debate. The main objective of the present study was to perform a detailed assessment of scleroderma patients’ diet as well as their eating habits and to describe the relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk in the absence of professional nutritional counseling. Methods: We used a translated and validated version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire) to evaluate the patients’ diet and MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) to investigate the risk of malnutrition. Disease activity was estimated using the EUSTAR-AI (European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index). Results: We included 69 patients with SSc, of which 42 underwent a detailed dietary assessment. Dietary factors were connected to body composition and digestive symptoms. We found high sodium intake and frequent suboptimal energy consumption in our study group, including patients with cardiopulmonary involvement. Liver transaminases were inversely correlated with the consumption of nuts and seeds. Malnutrition and weight loss were significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and the extent of skin fibrosis, but not advanced age. Although the patients with EUSTAR-AI ≥ 2.5 were more frequently included in the moderate and high malnutrition risk categories, these results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Currently, there is an unmet need for longitudinal and interventional research focusing on the long-term significance, ramifications, and management of nutritional impairment in SSc patients with various clinical manifestations. Our results indicate that scleroderma patients could benefit from personalized nutritional counseling in an interdisciplinary setting. MDPI 2021-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8620611/ /pubmed/34829464 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112118 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Burlui, Alexandra Maria
Cardoneanu, Anca
Macovei, Luana Andreea
Rezus, Ciprian
Boiculese, Lucian Vasile
Graur, Mariana
Rezus, Elena
Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_full Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_fullStr Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_full_unstemmed Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_short Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?
title_sort diet in scleroderma: is there a need for intervention?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8620611/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829464
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112118
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