The Influence of Visual Input on Electromyographic Patterns of Masticatory and Cervical Spine Muscles in Subjects with Myopia

This study aimed to analyze the change of visual input on electromyographic patterns of masticatory and cervical spine muscles in subjects with myopia. After applying the inclusion criteria, 50 subjects (18 males and 32 females) with myopia ranging from −0.5 to −5.75 Diopters (D), were included in the study. Four muscle pairs were analyzed: the anterior part of the temporalis muscle (TA), the superficial part of the masseter muscle (MM), the anterior belly of the digastric muscle (DA), and the middle part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle belly (SCM) during resting and functional activity. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease within functional indices (FCI) for the sternocleidomastoid muscle (FCI SCM R, FCI SCM L, FCI SCM total) during clenching in the intercuspal position with eyes closed compared to eyes open. During maximum mouth opening, a statistically significant increase of functional opening index for the left temporalis muscle (FOI TA L) was observed. Within the activity index (AcI), there was a statistically significant decrease during clenching on dental cotton rollers with eyes closed compared to eyes open.