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Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study

Children’s vegetable intakes are too low, and school canteens could provide an equitable environment to improve their intake. This study aimed to develop and apply a systematic method to quantify the proportion and variety of vegetable-containing items on primary school canteen menus and examine dif...

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Autores principales: Beelen, Janne, Heffernan, Jessica E., Cochet-Broch, Maeva, Djakovic, Shadia, Chung, David, Golley, Rebecca K., Poelman, Astrid A. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8621817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211789
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author Beelen, Janne
Heffernan, Jessica E.
Cochet-Broch, Maeva
Djakovic, Shadia
Chung, David
Golley, Rebecca K.
Poelman, Astrid A. M.
author_facet Beelen, Janne
Heffernan, Jessica E.
Cochet-Broch, Maeva
Djakovic, Shadia
Chung, David
Golley, Rebecca K.
Poelman, Astrid A. M.
author_sort Beelen, Janne
collection PubMed
description Children’s vegetable intakes are too low, and school canteens could provide an equitable environment to improve their intake. This study aimed to develop and apply a systematic method to quantify the proportion and variety of vegetable-containing items on primary school canteen menus and examine differences between schools of different socio-economic statuses, sizes and types. Online canteen menus from 112 primary schools in Sydney, Australia, were collected, and data were extracted on a total number of items and vegetable-containing items across different menu categories. Further, data on preparation type and variety were extracted. Differences in the proportion of vegetable items between socio-economic status, school size and type were tested. On average, 80.4 ± 34.0 items were listed, with 30% of items containing vegetables. Most sandwiches (60%) and hot foods (54%) contained no vegetables. The variety of raw vegetables (4.9 ± 1.8 types) was greater than for cooked vegetables (1.3 ± 1.2 types; p < 0.01). Limited differences were observed by socio-economic status and school type. Small schools offered fewer vegetable-containing items than large schools. While primary school canteen menus listed a large variety of items, only one-third contained vegetables. Data from this study can be used to track changes and to develop new opportunities to increase the vegetable supply in schools.
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spelling pubmed-86218172021-11-27 Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study Beelen, Janne Heffernan, Jessica E. Cochet-Broch, Maeva Djakovic, Shadia Chung, David Golley, Rebecca K. Poelman, Astrid A. M. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Children’s vegetable intakes are too low, and school canteens could provide an equitable environment to improve their intake. This study aimed to develop and apply a systematic method to quantify the proportion and variety of vegetable-containing items on primary school canteen menus and examine differences between schools of different socio-economic statuses, sizes and types. Online canteen menus from 112 primary schools in Sydney, Australia, were collected, and data were extracted on a total number of items and vegetable-containing items across different menu categories. Further, data on preparation type and variety were extracted. Differences in the proportion of vegetable items between socio-economic status, school size and type were tested. On average, 80.4 ± 34.0 items were listed, with 30% of items containing vegetables. Most sandwiches (60%) and hot foods (54%) contained no vegetables. The variety of raw vegetables (4.9 ± 1.8 types) was greater than for cooked vegetables (1.3 ± 1.2 types; p < 0.01). Limited differences were observed by socio-economic status and school type. Small schools offered fewer vegetable-containing items than large schools. While primary school canteen menus listed a large variety of items, only one-third contained vegetables. Data from this study can be used to track changes and to develop new opportunities to increase the vegetable supply in schools. MDPI 2021-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8621817/ /pubmed/34831542 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211789 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Beelen, Janne
Heffernan, Jessica E.
Cochet-Broch, Maeva
Djakovic, Shadia
Chung, David
Golley, Rebecca K.
Poelman, Astrid A. M.
Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title_full Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title_fullStr Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title_full_unstemmed Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title_short Menu Audit of Vegetable-Containing Food Offering in Primary School Canteens in Sydney, Australia: A Preliminary Study
title_sort menu audit of vegetable-containing food offering in primary school canteens in sydney, australia: a preliminary study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8621817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34831542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211789
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