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Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

Layered architectures for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the standard approach for solution-processable materials such as metal-halide perovskites. Upon designing the composition and thicknesses of the layers forming the LED, the primary focus is typically on the optimization of charge injection a...

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Autores principales: Lin, Lyuye, Proietti Zaccaria, Remo, Garoli, Denis, Krahne, Roman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112947
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author Lin, Lyuye
Proietti Zaccaria, Remo
Garoli, Denis
Krahne, Roman
author_facet Lin, Lyuye
Proietti Zaccaria, Remo
Garoli, Denis
Krahne, Roman
author_sort Lin, Lyuye
collection PubMed
description Layered architectures for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the standard approach for solution-processable materials such as metal-halide perovskites. Upon designing the composition and thicknesses of the layers forming the LED, the primary focus is typically on the optimization of charge injection and balance. However, this approach only considers the process until electrons and holes recombine to generate photons, while for achieving optimized LED performance, the generated light must also be efficiently outcoupled. Our work focuses on the latter aspect. We assume efficient photon generation and analyze the effects of the geometrical configuration together with the dipole orientation, mimicking the light emission, on the main characteristics defining the LED, such as the Purcell effect and the outcoupling efficiency. We find that in-plane dipoles result in significantly increased outcoupling efficiency. Furthermore, the mismatch in refractive index among the layers and their different thicknesses can be tuned to maximize the Purcell effect and minimize internal losses. The combined optimization of dipole orientation and layer thicknesses can improve the efficiency of the LED up to a factor 10, hence highlighting the importance of considering also the photonic properties of the LED structures if the objective is to maximize the LED performance.
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spelling pubmed-86221412021-11-27 Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes Lin, Lyuye Proietti Zaccaria, Remo Garoli, Denis Krahne, Roman Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Layered architectures for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the standard approach for solution-processable materials such as metal-halide perovskites. Upon designing the composition and thicknesses of the layers forming the LED, the primary focus is typically on the optimization of charge injection and balance. However, this approach only considers the process until electrons and holes recombine to generate photons, while for achieving optimized LED performance, the generated light must also be efficiently outcoupled. Our work focuses on the latter aspect. We assume efficient photon generation and analyze the effects of the geometrical configuration together with the dipole orientation, mimicking the light emission, on the main characteristics defining the LED, such as the Purcell effect and the outcoupling efficiency. We find that in-plane dipoles result in significantly increased outcoupling efficiency. Furthermore, the mismatch in refractive index among the layers and their different thicknesses can be tuned to maximize the Purcell effect and minimize internal losses. The combined optimization of dipole orientation and layer thicknesses can improve the efficiency of the LED up to a factor 10, hence highlighting the importance of considering also the photonic properties of the LED structures if the objective is to maximize the LED performance. MDPI 2021-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8622141/ /pubmed/34835709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112947 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lin, Lyuye
Proietti Zaccaria, Remo
Garoli, Denis
Krahne, Roman
Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title_full Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title_fullStr Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title_full_unstemmed Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title_short Photonic Cavity Effects for Enhanced Efficiency in Layered Perovskite-Based Light-Emitting Diodes
title_sort photonic cavity effects for enhanced efficiency in layered perovskite-based light-emitting diodes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112947
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