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Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription
Many positive-sense RNA viruses transcribe subgenomic (sg) mRNAs during infections that template the translation of a subset of viral proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) expresses its capsid protein through the transcription of a sg mRNA from RNA1 genome segment. This transcription ev...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622197/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112252 |
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author | Im, Jennifer S. H. Newburn, Laura R. Kent, Gregory White, K. Andrew |
author_facet | Im, Jennifer S. H. Newburn, Laura R. Kent, Gregory White, K. Andrew |
author_sort | Im, Jennifer S. H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many positive-sense RNA viruses transcribe subgenomic (sg) mRNAs during infections that template the translation of a subset of viral proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) expresses its capsid protein through the transcription of a sg mRNA from RNA1 genome segment. This transcription event is activated by an RNA structure formed by base pairing between a trans-activator (TA) in RNA2 and a trans-activator binding site (TABS) in RNA1. In this study, the impact of the structural context of the TABS in RNA1 on the TA–TABS interaction and sg mRNA transcription was investigated using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results (i) generated RNA secondary structure models for the TA and TABS, (ii) revealed that the TABS is partially base paired with proximal upstream sequences, which limits TA access, (iii) demonstrated that the aforementioned intra-RNA1 base pairing involving the TABS modulates the TA–TABS interaction in vitro and sg mRNA levels during infections, and (iv) revealed that the TABS in RNA1 can be modified to mediate sg mRNA transcription in a TA-independent manner. These findings advance our understanding of transcriptional regulation in RCNMV and provide novel insights into the origin of the TA–TABS interaction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8622197 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86221972021-11-27 Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription Im, Jennifer S. H. Newburn, Laura R. Kent, Gregory White, K. Andrew Viruses Communication Many positive-sense RNA viruses transcribe subgenomic (sg) mRNAs during infections that template the translation of a subset of viral proteins. Red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) expresses its capsid protein through the transcription of a sg mRNA from RNA1 genome segment. This transcription event is activated by an RNA structure formed by base pairing between a trans-activator (TA) in RNA2 and a trans-activator binding site (TABS) in RNA1. In this study, the impact of the structural context of the TABS in RNA1 on the TA–TABS interaction and sg mRNA transcription was investigated using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results (i) generated RNA secondary structure models for the TA and TABS, (ii) revealed that the TABS is partially base paired with proximal upstream sequences, which limits TA access, (iii) demonstrated that the aforementioned intra-RNA1 base pairing involving the TABS modulates the TA–TABS interaction in vitro and sg mRNA levels during infections, and (iv) revealed that the TABS in RNA1 can be modified to mediate sg mRNA transcription in a TA-independent manner. These findings advance our understanding of transcriptional regulation in RCNMV and provide novel insights into the origin of the TA–TABS interaction. MDPI 2021-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8622197/ /pubmed/34835058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112252 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Im, Jennifer S. H. Newburn, Laura R. Kent, Gregory White, K. Andrew Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title | Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title_full | Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title_fullStr | Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title_full_unstemmed | Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title_short | Trans-Activator Binding Site Context in RCNMV Modulates Subgenomic mRNA Transcription |
title_sort | trans-activator binding site context in rcnmv modulates subgenomic mrna transcription |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622197/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34835058 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112252 |
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