Significantly Different Lipid Profile Analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei under Low-Temperature Storage by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS

Low-temperature storage is one of the most important preservation methods for aquatic product storage. However, the effects of low-temperature storage on the lipid profiles of shrimp are unclear. Herein, UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS combined with LipidSearch software was applied to analyze the effect of three low storage temperatures (4 °C, −2 °C, and −18 °C) on the lipidomics of Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 15 lipid classes were analyzed, and PC, PE, DG, and TG accounted for vast majority of peak areas. Furthermore, 531 individual lipid variables enriched in 12 metabolic pathways were identified via bioinformatics analysis methods. A total of 56 significantly different lipid molecular species (55 belonging to PC, PE, DG, and TG) were selected as potential biomarkers of lipid oxidation via correlational analysis between physical properties (texture and color) and individual lipid variables. The results indicated that the three low storage temperatures caused different effects on the lipidomics profile of L. vannamei, and PC, PE, DG, and TG could become potential focuses in further studies of lipid oxidation in L. vannamei.