Cargando…

Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a simple, safe, sustainable, reliable and eco-friendly protocol. Among different types of NPs, green-synthesized zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) show various promising biological uses due to their interesting magnetic, electrical, optical and chemical char...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Khan, Amna Komal, Renouard, Sullivan, Drouet, Samantha, Blondeau, Jean-Philippe, Anjum, Iram, Hano, Christophe, Abbasi, Bilal Haider, Anjum, Sumaira
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111977
_version_ 1784605817306087424
author Khan, Amna Komal
Renouard, Sullivan
Drouet, Samantha
Blondeau, Jean-Philippe
Anjum, Iram
Hano, Christophe
Abbasi, Bilal Haider
Anjum, Sumaira
author_facet Khan, Amna Komal
Renouard, Sullivan
Drouet, Samantha
Blondeau, Jean-Philippe
Anjum, Iram
Hano, Christophe
Abbasi, Bilal Haider
Anjum, Sumaira
author_sort Khan, Amna Komal
collection PubMed
description The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a simple, safe, sustainable, reliable and eco-friendly protocol. Among different types of NPs, green-synthesized zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) show various promising biological uses due to their interesting magnetic, electrical, optical and chemical characteristics. Keeping in view the dependence of the therapeutic efficacy of NPs on their physico-chemical characteristics, the green synthesis of ZnONPs using Casuarina equisetifolia leaf extract under UV-A and UV-C light was carried out in this study. UV-irradiation helped to control the size and morphology of ZnONPs by exciting the electrons in the photoactive compounds of plant extracts to enhance the bio-reduction of ZnO into ZnONPs. C. equisetifolia leaf extract was found enriched with phenolic (2.47 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid content (0.88 ± 0.28 mg QE/g DW) contributing to its 74.33% free-radical scavenging activity. FTIR spectra showed the involvement of polyphenols in the bio-reduction, stabilization and capping of ZnONPs. Moreover, SEM-EDX and XRD analyses showed great potential of UV-C light in yielding smaller (34–39 nm) oval-shaped ZnONPs, whereas UV-A irradiation resulted in the formation of fairly spherical 67–71 nm ZnONPs and control ZnONPs were of mixed shape and even larger size (84–89 nm). Green-synthesized ZnONPs, notably CE-UV-C-ZnONPs, showed promising anti-bacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, ZnONPs also enhanced ROS production which led to a significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activated caspase-3 gene expression and caspase-3/7 activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. CE-UV-C-ZnONP treatment reduced HepG2 cell viability to as low as 36.97% owing to their unique shape and smaller size. Lastly, ZnONPs were found to be highly biocompatible towards brine shrimp and human red blood cells suggesting their bio-safe nature. This research study sheds light on the plausible role of UV radiation in the green synthesis of ZnONPs with reasonable control over their size and morphology, thus improving their biological efficacy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8622962
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86229622021-11-27 Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Khan, Amna Komal Renouard, Sullivan Drouet, Samantha Blondeau, Jean-Philippe Anjum, Iram Hano, Christophe Abbasi, Bilal Haider Anjum, Sumaira Pharmaceutics Article The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a simple, safe, sustainable, reliable and eco-friendly protocol. Among different types of NPs, green-synthesized zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) show various promising biological uses due to their interesting magnetic, electrical, optical and chemical characteristics. Keeping in view the dependence of the therapeutic efficacy of NPs on their physico-chemical characteristics, the green synthesis of ZnONPs using Casuarina equisetifolia leaf extract under UV-A and UV-C light was carried out in this study. UV-irradiation helped to control the size and morphology of ZnONPs by exciting the electrons in the photoactive compounds of plant extracts to enhance the bio-reduction of ZnO into ZnONPs. C. equisetifolia leaf extract was found enriched with phenolic (2.47 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid content (0.88 ± 0.28 mg QE/g DW) contributing to its 74.33% free-radical scavenging activity. FTIR spectra showed the involvement of polyphenols in the bio-reduction, stabilization and capping of ZnONPs. Moreover, SEM-EDX and XRD analyses showed great potential of UV-C light in yielding smaller (34–39 nm) oval-shaped ZnONPs, whereas UV-A irradiation resulted in the formation of fairly spherical 67–71 nm ZnONPs and control ZnONPs were of mixed shape and even larger size (84–89 nm). Green-synthesized ZnONPs, notably CE-UV-C-ZnONPs, showed promising anti-bacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, ZnONPs also enhanced ROS production which led to a significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activated caspase-3 gene expression and caspase-3/7 activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. CE-UV-C-ZnONP treatment reduced HepG2 cell viability to as low as 36.97% owing to their unique shape and smaller size. Lastly, ZnONPs were found to be highly biocompatible towards brine shrimp and human red blood cells suggesting their bio-safe nature. This research study sheds light on the plausible role of UV radiation in the green synthesis of ZnONPs with reasonable control over their size and morphology, thus improving their biological efficacy. MDPI 2021-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8622962/ /pubmed/34834392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111977 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Khan, Amna Komal
Renouard, Sullivan
Drouet, Samantha
Blondeau, Jean-Philippe
Anjum, Iram
Hano, Christophe
Abbasi, Bilal Haider
Anjum, Sumaira
Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title_full Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title_fullStr Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title_short Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
title_sort effect of uv irradiation (a and c) on casuarina equisetifolia-mediated biosynthesis and characterization of antimicrobial and anticancer activity of biocompatible zinc oxide nanoparticles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834392
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111977
work_keys_str_mv AT khanamnakomal effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT renouardsullivan effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT drouetsamantha effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT blondeaujeanphilippe effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT anjumiram effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT hanochristophe effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT abbasibilalhaider effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles
AT anjumsumaira effectofuvirradiationaandconcasuarinaequisetifoliamediatedbiosynthesisandcharacterizationofantimicrobialandanticanceractivityofbiocompatiblezincoxidenanoparticles