Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana

Increasing evidence indicates that water activated by plasma discharge, termed as plasma-activated water (PAW), can promote plant growth and enhance plant defence responses. Nevertheless, the signalling pathways activated in plants in response to PAW are still largely unknown. In this work, we analy...

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Autores principales: Cortese, Enrico, Settimi, Alessio G., Pettenuzzo, Silvia, Cappellin, Luca, Galenda, Alessandro, Famengo, Alessia, Dabalà, Manuele, Antoni, Vanni, Navazio, Lorella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834879
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112516
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author Cortese, Enrico
Settimi, Alessio G.
Pettenuzzo, Silvia
Cappellin, Luca
Galenda, Alessandro
Famengo, Alessia
Dabalà, Manuele
Antoni, Vanni
Navazio, Lorella
author_facet Cortese, Enrico
Settimi, Alessio G.
Pettenuzzo, Silvia
Cappellin, Luca
Galenda, Alessandro
Famengo, Alessia
Dabalà, Manuele
Antoni, Vanni
Navazio, Lorella
author_sort Cortese, Enrico
collection PubMed
description Increasing evidence indicates that water activated by plasma discharge, termed as plasma-activated water (PAW), can promote plant growth and enhance plant defence responses. Nevertheless, the signalling pathways activated in plants in response to PAW are still largely unknown. In this work, we analysed the potential involvement of calcium as an intracellular messenger in the transduction of PAW by plants. To this aim, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings stably expressing the bioluminescent Ca(2+) reporter aequorin in the cytosol were challenged with PAW generated by a plasma torch. Ca(2+) measurement assays demonstrated the induction by PAW of rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca(2+) elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings. The dynamics of the recorded Ca(2+) signals were found to depend upon different parameters, such as the operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilution. The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca(2+) changes, suggesting that the unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAW is responsible for the specific Ca(2+) signatures. Unveiling the signalling mechanisms underlying plant perception of PAW may allow to finely tune its generation for applications in agriculture, with potential advantages in the perspective of a more sustainable agriculture.
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spelling pubmed-86229952021-11-27 Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana Cortese, Enrico Settimi, Alessio G. Pettenuzzo, Silvia Cappellin, Luca Galenda, Alessandro Famengo, Alessia Dabalà, Manuele Antoni, Vanni Navazio, Lorella Plants (Basel) Article Increasing evidence indicates that water activated by plasma discharge, termed as plasma-activated water (PAW), can promote plant growth and enhance plant defence responses. Nevertheless, the signalling pathways activated in plants in response to PAW are still largely unknown. In this work, we analysed the potential involvement of calcium as an intracellular messenger in the transduction of PAW by plants. To this aim, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings stably expressing the bioluminescent Ca(2+) reporter aequorin in the cytosol were challenged with PAW generated by a plasma torch. Ca(2+) measurement assays demonstrated the induction by PAW of rapid and sustained cytosolic Ca(2+) elevations in Arabidopsis seedlings. The dynamics of the recorded Ca(2+) signals were found to depend upon different parameters, such as the operational conditions of the torch, PAW storage, and dilution. The separate administration of nitrate, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide at the same doses as those measured in the PAW did not trigger any detectable Ca(2+) changes, suggesting that the unique mixture of different reactive chemical species contained in the PAW is responsible for the specific Ca(2+) signatures. Unveiling the signalling mechanisms underlying plant perception of PAW may allow to finely tune its generation for applications in agriculture, with potential advantages in the perspective of a more sustainable agriculture. MDPI 2021-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8622995/ /pubmed/34834879 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112516 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cortese, Enrico
Settimi, Alessio G.
Pettenuzzo, Silvia
Cappellin, Luca
Galenda, Alessandro
Famengo, Alessia
Dabalà, Manuele
Antoni, Vanni
Navazio, Lorella
Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_fullStr Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full_unstemmed Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_short Plasma-Activated Water Triggers Rapid and Sustained Cytosolic Ca(2+) Elevations in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_sort plasma-activated water triggers rapid and sustained cytosolic ca(2+) elevations in arabidopsis thaliana
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8622995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834879
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112516
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