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Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum
This study investigated the variation in oligosaccharide levels in the breast milk of south Chinese mothers in a prolonged breastfeeding period of up to 400 days postpartum. A total of 488 breast milk samples were collected from 335 healthy mothers at five different time points: 0–5 days, 10–15 days...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8623037/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836272 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114017 |
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author | Liu, Shuang Cai, Xiaokun Wang, Jin Mao, Yingyi Zou, Yan Tian, Fang Peng, Bo Hu, Jiaqiang Zhao, Yanrong Wang, Shuo |
author_facet | Liu, Shuang Cai, Xiaokun Wang, Jin Mao, Yingyi Zou, Yan Tian, Fang Peng, Bo Hu, Jiaqiang Zhao, Yanrong Wang, Shuo |
author_sort | Liu, Shuang |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study investigated the variation in oligosaccharide levels in the breast milk of south Chinese mothers in a prolonged breastfeeding period of up to 400 days postpartum. A total of 488 breast milk samples were collected from 335 healthy mothers at five different time points: 0–5 days, 10–15 days, 40–45 days, 200–240 days, and 300–400 days postpartum. A high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) was used to quantify 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL). In this study, we found six oligosaccharides that were present in breast milk from 0 to 400 days postpartum. The median value ranges of individual oligosaccharide components in this study were 1013–2891 mg/L 2′-FL, 193–1421 mg/L 3-FL, 314–1478 mg/L LNT, 44–255 mg/L LNnT, 111–241 mg/L 3′-SL, and 23–602 mg/L6′-SL. HMO levels decreased over the lactation periods, except for 3-FL, which increased throughout lactation. The predominant fucosylated and sialylated HMOs were 2′-FL and 6′-SL at 40–45 days postpartum and changed to 3-FL and 3′-SL at 200–240 days postpartum. Results from this study showed that lactating women continue to provide their offspring with a high level of 2′-FL one year after delivery, suggesting that 2′-FL may play an important role for infants in early life. Our findings also provide further evidence in support of breastfeeding after one-year postpartum. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8623037 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86230372021-11-27 Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum Liu, Shuang Cai, Xiaokun Wang, Jin Mao, Yingyi Zou, Yan Tian, Fang Peng, Bo Hu, Jiaqiang Zhao, Yanrong Wang, Shuo Nutrients Article This study investigated the variation in oligosaccharide levels in the breast milk of south Chinese mothers in a prolonged breastfeeding period of up to 400 days postpartum. A total of 488 breast milk samples were collected from 335 healthy mothers at five different time points: 0–5 days, 10–15 days, 40–45 days, 200–240 days, and 300–400 days postpartum. A high-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) was used to quantify 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL). In this study, we found six oligosaccharides that were present in breast milk from 0 to 400 days postpartum. The median value ranges of individual oligosaccharide components in this study were 1013–2891 mg/L 2′-FL, 193–1421 mg/L 3-FL, 314–1478 mg/L LNT, 44–255 mg/L LNnT, 111–241 mg/L 3′-SL, and 23–602 mg/L6′-SL. HMO levels decreased over the lactation periods, except for 3-FL, which increased throughout lactation. The predominant fucosylated and sialylated HMOs were 2′-FL and 6′-SL at 40–45 days postpartum and changed to 3-FL and 3′-SL at 200–240 days postpartum. Results from this study showed that lactating women continue to provide their offspring with a high level of 2′-FL one year after delivery, suggesting that 2′-FL may play an important role for infants in early life. Our findings also provide further evidence in support of breastfeeding after one-year postpartum. MDPI 2021-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8623037/ /pubmed/34836272 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114017 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Liu, Shuang Cai, Xiaokun Wang, Jin Mao, Yingyi Zou, Yan Tian, Fang Peng, Bo Hu, Jiaqiang Zhao, Yanrong Wang, Shuo Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title | Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title_full | Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title_fullStr | Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title_full_unstemmed | Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title_short | Six Oligosaccharides’ Variation in Breast Milk: A Study in South China from 0 to 400 Days Postpartum |
title_sort | six oligosaccharides’ variation in breast milk: a study in south china from 0 to 400 days postpartum |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8623037/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836272 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114017 |
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