Nanocrystallized Ge-Rich SiGe-HfO(2) Highly Photosensitive in Short-Wave Infrared

Group IV nanocrystals (NCs), in particular from the Si–Ge system, are of high interest for Si photonics applications. Ge-rich SiGe NCs embedded in nanocrystallized HfO(2) were obtained by magnetron sputtering deposition followed by rapid thermal annealing at 600 °C for nanostructuring. The complex characterization of morphology and crystalline structure by X-ray diffraction, μ-Raman spectroscopy, and cross-section transmission electron microscopy evidenced the formation of Ge-rich SiGe NCs (3–7 nm diameter) in a matrix of nanocrystallized HfO(2). For avoiding the fast diffusion of Ge, the layer containing SiGe NCs was cladded by very thin top and bottom pure HfO(2) layers. Nanocrystallized HfO(2) with tetragonal/orthorhombic structure was revealed beside the monoclinic phase in both buffer HfO(2) and SiGe NCs–HfO(2) layers. In the top part, the film is mainly crystallized in the monoclinic phase. High efficiency of the photocurrent was obtained in a broad spectral range of curves of 600–2000 nm at low temperatures. The high-quality SiGe NC/HfO(2) matrix interface together with the strain induced in SiGe NCs by nanocrystallization of both HfO(2) matrix and SiGe nanoparticles explain the unexpectedly extended photoelectric sensitivity in short-wave infrared up to about 2000 nm that is more than the sensitivity limit for Ge, in spite of the increase of bandgap by well-known quantum confinement effect in SiGe NCs.