Configuration Selection of the Multi-Loop Organic Rankine Cycle for Recovering Energy from a Single Source

The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a well-established way to recover energy from a single waste heat source. This paper aims to select the suitable configuration, number of loops, and working fluids for the Multi-Loop ORC (MLORC) by using multi-objective optimization. The thermodynamic and economic performance of MLORC in three various configurations was analyzed. Multi-objective optimizations of the series and parallel MLORC using different working fluid groups were conducted to find the optimal configuration, number of loops, and working fluid combination. The analysis results show that the series–parallel MLORC performed the worst among the three configurations. The optimization results reveal that series MLORC has a higher exergy efficiency than the parallel MLORC. The exergy efficiency of the optimal solution in series dual-loop, triple-loop, and quadruple-loop ORC is 9.3%, 7.98%, and 6.23% higher than that of parallel ORC, respectively. Furthermore, dual-loop is the optimal number of cycles for recovering energy from a single heat source, according to the grey relational grade. Finally, the series dual-loop ORC using cyclohexane\cyclohexane was the suitable configuration for utilizing a single waste heat source. The exergy efficiency and levelized cost of electricity of the series dual-loop ORC with the optimal parameters are 62.18% and 0.1509 $/kWh, respectively.