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Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity

Background: Owing to the increasing rate of pediatric obesity, its complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have become prevalent already in childhood. We aimed to assess the relationship between these two diseases in a cohort of children with...

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Autores principales: Carotenuto, Marco, Di Sessa, Anna, Esposito, Maria, Grandone, Anna, Marzuillo, Pierluigi, Bitetti, Ilaria, Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria, Precenzano, Francesco, Miraglia del Giudice, Emanuele, Santoro, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34828697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8110984
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author Carotenuto, Marco
Di Sessa, Anna
Esposito, Maria
Grandone, Anna
Marzuillo, Pierluigi
Bitetti, Ilaria
Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria
Precenzano, Francesco
Miraglia del Giudice, Emanuele
Santoro, Nicola
author_facet Carotenuto, Marco
Di Sessa, Anna
Esposito, Maria
Grandone, Anna
Marzuillo, Pierluigi
Bitetti, Ilaria
Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria
Precenzano, Francesco
Miraglia del Giudice, Emanuele
Santoro, Nicola
author_sort Carotenuto, Marco
collection PubMed
description Background: Owing to the increasing rate of pediatric obesity, its complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have become prevalent already in childhood. We aimed to assess the relationship between these two diseases in a cohort of children with obesity. Methods: We enrolled 153 children with obesity (mean age 10.5 ± 2.66, mean BMI 30.9 ± 5.1) showing OSA. Subjects underwent a laboratory evaluation, a cardio-respiratory polysomnography (PSG), and a liver ultrasound. Results: All subjects had a clinical diagnosis of OSA based on the AHI > 1/h (mean AHI 8.0 ± 5.9; range 2.21–19.0). Of these, 69 showed hepatic steatosis (62.3% as mild, 20.3% as moderate, and 17.4% as severe degree). A strong association between ALT and apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was observed (p = 0.0003). This association was not confirmed after adjusting for hepatic steatosis (p = 0.53). By subdividing our population according to the presence/absence of steatosis, this association was found only in the steatosis group (p = 0.009). As the severity of steatosis increased, the significance of its association with AHI compared to the absence of steatosis became progressively stronger (all p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Hepatic steatosis seems to drive the association between OSA and ALT levels, suggesting a potential pathogenic role of OSA in NAFLD.
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spelling pubmed-86243742021-11-27 Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity Carotenuto, Marco Di Sessa, Anna Esposito, Maria Grandone, Anna Marzuillo, Pierluigi Bitetti, Ilaria Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria Precenzano, Francesco Miraglia del Giudice, Emanuele Santoro, Nicola Children (Basel) Article Background: Owing to the increasing rate of pediatric obesity, its complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have become prevalent already in childhood. We aimed to assess the relationship between these two diseases in a cohort of children with obesity. Methods: We enrolled 153 children with obesity (mean age 10.5 ± 2.66, mean BMI 30.9 ± 5.1) showing OSA. Subjects underwent a laboratory evaluation, a cardio-respiratory polysomnography (PSG), and a liver ultrasound. Results: All subjects had a clinical diagnosis of OSA based on the AHI > 1/h (mean AHI 8.0 ± 5.9; range 2.21–19.0). Of these, 69 showed hepatic steatosis (62.3% as mild, 20.3% as moderate, and 17.4% as severe degree). A strong association between ALT and apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was observed (p = 0.0003). This association was not confirmed after adjusting for hepatic steatosis (p = 0.53). By subdividing our population according to the presence/absence of steatosis, this association was found only in the steatosis group (p = 0.009). As the severity of steatosis increased, the significance of its association with AHI compared to the absence of steatosis became progressively stronger (all p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Hepatic steatosis seems to drive the association between OSA and ALT levels, suggesting a potential pathogenic role of OSA in NAFLD. MDPI 2021-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8624374/ /pubmed/34828697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8110984 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Carotenuto, Marco
Di Sessa, Anna
Esposito, Maria
Grandone, Anna
Marzuillo, Pierluigi
Bitetti, Ilaria
Umano, Giuseppina Rosaria
Precenzano, Francesco
Miraglia del Giudice, Emanuele
Santoro, Nicola
Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title_full Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title_fullStr Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title_full_unstemmed Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title_short Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
title_sort association between hepatic steatosis and obstructive sleep apnea in children and adolescents with obesity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34828697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8110984
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