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Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk
Intramammary infections are a major problem for dairy sheep farms, and Streptococcus uberis is one of the main etiological agents of ovine mastitis. Surveys on antimicrobial resistance are still limited in sheep and characterization of isolates is important for acquiring information on resistance an...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624425/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111489 |
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author | Rosa, Nives Maria Duprè, Ilaria Azara, Elisa Longheu, Carla Maria Tola, Sebastiana |
author_facet | Rosa, Nives Maria Duprè, Ilaria Azara, Elisa Longheu, Carla Maria Tola, Sebastiana |
author_sort | Rosa, Nives Maria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intramammary infections are a major problem for dairy sheep farms, and Streptococcus uberis is one of the main etiological agents of ovine mastitis. Surveys on antimicrobial resistance are still limited in sheep and characterization of isolates is important for acquiring information on resistance and for optimizing therapy. In this study, a sampling of 124 S. uberis isolates collected in Sardinia (Italy) from sheep milk was analyzed by multilocus-sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for genetic relatedness. All isolates were also subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility analysis by the disk diffusion test using a panel of 14 antimicrobials. Resistance genes were detected by PCR assays. MLST analysis revealed that the isolates were grouped into 86 sequence types (STs), of which 73 were new genotypes, indicating a highly diverse population of S. uberis. The most frequently detected lineage was the clonal complex (CC)143, although representing only 13.7% of all characterized isolates. A high level of heterogeneity was also observed among the SmaI PFGE profiles, with 121 unique patterns. Almost all (96.8%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, while all exhibited phenotypic susceptibility to oxacillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ceftiofur. Of the antimicrobials tested, the highest resistance rate was found against streptomycin (93.5%), kanamycin (79.8%) and gentamicin (64.5%), followed by novobiocin (25%) and tetracycline-TE (19.3%). Seventy-four (59.7%) isolates were simultaneously resistant to all aminoglycosides tested. Seventeen isolates (13.7%) exhibited multidrug resistance. All aminoglycosides-resistant isolates were PCR negative for aad-6 and aphA-3′ genes. Among the TE-resistant isolates, the tetM gene was predominant, indicating that the resistance mechanism is mainly mediated by the protection of ribosomes and not through the efflux pump. Three isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and two of them harbored the ermB gene. This is the first study reporting a detailed characterization of the S. uberis strains circulating in Sardinian sheep. Further investigations will be needed to understand the relationships between S. uberis genotypes, mastitis severity, and intra-mammary infection dynamics in the flock, as well as to monitor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8624425 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86244252021-11-27 Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk Rosa, Nives Maria Duprè, Ilaria Azara, Elisa Longheu, Carla Maria Tola, Sebastiana Pathogens Article Intramammary infections are a major problem for dairy sheep farms, and Streptococcus uberis is one of the main etiological agents of ovine mastitis. Surveys on antimicrobial resistance are still limited in sheep and characterization of isolates is important for acquiring information on resistance and for optimizing therapy. In this study, a sampling of 124 S. uberis isolates collected in Sardinia (Italy) from sheep milk was analyzed by multilocus-sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for genetic relatedness. All isolates were also subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility analysis by the disk diffusion test using a panel of 14 antimicrobials. Resistance genes were detected by PCR assays. MLST analysis revealed that the isolates were grouped into 86 sequence types (STs), of which 73 were new genotypes, indicating a highly diverse population of S. uberis. The most frequently detected lineage was the clonal complex (CC)143, although representing only 13.7% of all characterized isolates. A high level of heterogeneity was also observed among the SmaI PFGE profiles, with 121 unique patterns. Almost all (96.8%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, while all exhibited phenotypic susceptibility to oxacillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ceftiofur. Of the antimicrobials tested, the highest resistance rate was found against streptomycin (93.5%), kanamycin (79.8%) and gentamicin (64.5%), followed by novobiocin (25%) and tetracycline-TE (19.3%). Seventy-four (59.7%) isolates were simultaneously resistant to all aminoglycosides tested. Seventeen isolates (13.7%) exhibited multidrug resistance. All aminoglycosides-resistant isolates were PCR negative for aad-6 and aphA-3′ genes. Among the TE-resistant isolates, the tetM gene was predominant, indicating that the resistance mechanism is mainly mediated by the protection of ribosomes and not through the efflux pump. Three isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and two of them harbored the ermB gene. This is the first study reporting a detailed characterization of the S. uberis strains circulating in Sardinian sheep. Further investigations will be needed to understand the relationships between S. uberis genotypes, mastitis severity, and intra-mammary infection dynamics in the flock, as well as to monitor the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. MDPI 2021-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8624425/ /pubmed/34832644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111489 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rosa, Nives Maria Duprè, Ilaria Azara, Elisa Longheu, Carla Maria Tola, Sebastiana Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title | Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title_full | Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title_fullStr | Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title_short | Molecular Typing and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Streptococcus uberis Isolated from Sheep Milk |
title_sort | molecular typing and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of streptococcus uberis isolated from sheep milk |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624425/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111489 |
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