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Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis
(1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper fea...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111107 |
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author | Lopez-Soley, Elisabet Martinez-Heras, Eloy Andorra, Magi Solanes, Aleix Radua, Joaquim Montejo, Carmen Alba-Arbalat, Salut Sola-Valls, Nuria Pulido-Valdeolivas, Irene Sepulveda, Maria Romero-Pinel, Lucia Munteis, Elvira Martínez-Rodríguez, Jose E. Blanco, Yolanda Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H. Villoslada, Pablo Saiz, Albert Solana, Elisabeth Llufriu, Sara |
author_facet | Lopez-Soley, Elisabet Martinez-Heras, Eloy Andorra, Magi Solanes, Aleix Radua, Joaquim Montejo, Carmen Alba-Arbalat, Salut Sola-Valls, Nuria Pulido-Valdeolivas, Irene Sepulveda, Maria Romero-Pinel, Lucia Munteis, Elvira Martínez-Rodríguez, Jose E. Blanco, Yolanda Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H. Villoslada, Pablo Saiz, Albert Solana, Elisabeth Llufriu, Sara |
author_sort | Lopez-Soley, Elisabet |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper features a longitudinal study with 212 patients who underwent several cognitive examinations at different time points. Dynamics of cognition were assessed using mixed-effects linear spline models. Machine learning techniques were used to identify which baseline demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures best predicted CI. (3) Results: In the first 5 years of MS, we detected an increase in the z-scores of global cognition, verbal memory, and information processing speed, which was followed by a decline in global cognition and memory (p < 0.05) between years 5 and 15. From 15 to 30 years of disease onset, cognitive decline continued, affecting global cognition and verbal memory. The baseline measures that best predicted CI were education, disease severity, lesion burden, and hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex volume. (4) Conclusions: In MS, cognition deteriorates 5 years after disease onset, declining steadily over the next 25 years and more markedly affecting verbal memory. Education, disease severity, lesion burden, and volume of limbic structures predict future CI and may be helpful when identifying at-risk patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8624684 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86246842021-11-27 Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis Lopez-Soley, Elisabet Martinez-Heras, Eloy Andorra, Magi Solanes, Aleix Radua, Joaquim Montejo, Carmen Alba-Arbalat, Salut Sola-Valls, Nuria Pulido-Valdeolivas, Irene Sepulveda, Maria Romero-Pinel, Lucia Munteis, Elvira Martínez-Rodríguez, Jose E. Blanco, Yolanda Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H. Villoslada, Pablo Saiz, Albert Solana, Elisabeth Llufriu, Sara J Pers Med Article (1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper features a longitudinal study with 212 patients who underwent several cognitive examinations at different time points. Dynamics of cognition were assessed using mixed-effects linear spline models. Machine learning techniques were used to identify which baseline demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures best predicted CI. (3) Results: In the first 5 years of MS, we detected an increase in the z-scores of global cognition, verbal memory, and information processing speed, which was followed by a decline in global cognition and memory (p < 0.05) between years 5 and 15. From 15 to 30 years of disease onset, cognitive decline continued, affecting global cognition and verbal memory. The baseline measures that best predicted CI were education, disease severity, lesion burden, and hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex volume. (4) Conclusions: In MS, cognition deteriorates 5 years after disease onset, declining steadily over the next 25 years and more markedly affecting verbal memory. Education, disease severity, lesion burden, and volume of limbic structures predict future CI and may be helpful when identifying at-risk patients. MDPI 2021-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8624684/ /pubmed/34834459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111107 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lopez-Soley, Elisabet Martinez-Heras, Eloy Andorra, Magi Solanes, Aleix Radua, Joaquim Montejo, Carmen Alba-Arbalat, Salut Sola-Valls, Nuria Pulido-Valdeolivas, Irene Sepulveda, Maria Romero-Pinel, Lucia Munteis, Elvira Martínez-Rodríguez, Jose E. Blanco, Yolanda Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H. Villoslada, Pablo Saiz, Albert Solana, Elisabeth Llufriu, Sara Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title_full | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title_fullStr | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title_short | Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis |
title_sort | dynamics and predictors of cognitive impairment along the disease course in multiple sclerosis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34834459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111107 |
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