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Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature

Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma (BGA) is extremely rare and is characterized by high rates of lymph-node recurrence and distant metastases. No effective palliative treatments are available for metastatic BGA; therefore, advanced BGA remains a challenge for gynecologic oncologists. Considering the rar...

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Autores principales: Macciò, Antonio, Donisi, Clelia, Sanna, Elisabetta, Chiappe, Giacomo, Nemolato, Sonia, Melis, Luca, Oppi, Sara, Mola, Brunella, Madeddu, Clelia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112085
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author Macciò, Antonio
Donisi, Clelia
Sanna, Elisabetta
Chiappe, Giacomo
Nemolato, Sonia
Melis, Luca
Oppi, Sara
Mola, Brunella
Madeddu, Clelia
author_facet Macciò, Antonio
Donisi, Clelia
Sanna, Elisabetta
Chiappe, Giacomo
Nemolato, Sonia
Melis, Luca
Oppi, Sara
Mola, Brunella
Madeddu, Clelia
author_sort Macciò, Antonio
collection PubMed
description Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma (BGA) is extremely rare and is characterized by high rates of lymph-node recurrence and distant metastases. No effective palliative treatments are available for metastatic BGA; therefore, advanced BGA remains a challenge for gynecologic oncologists. Considering the rarity of this disease and the lack of a standardized approach, the present study aims to discuss the available literature on current therapies for BGA and to describe an emblematic case treated with a novel tailored approach. A postmenopausal woman with advanced BGA was referred to our department for an adequate evaluation, staging and treatment. Notably, we used PET/CT as a fundamental imaging technique for staging and follow-up. The patient underwent primary surgery followed by standard chemotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy. Three months later, she relapsed, with the appearance of multiple metastatic sites. Considering the evident chemoresistance to standard chemotherapy and the absence of valid therapeutic alternatives for this rare cancer, she was treated with a combination of repeated minimally invasive surgical procedures for all the resectable metastatic lesions and innovative approaches comprising, firstly, chemoimmunotherapy with Nivolumab combined with metronomic vinorelbine, which resulted in a clinical response for approximately 7 months. Upon disease progression, we used a targeted systemic approach based on the whole genomic profile of the primary tumor, which showed PTEN loss, which is predictive of a benefit from an mTOR inhibitor, and a CCND1 amplification, which predicts sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Therefore, she received Everolimus, resulting in a significant metabolic response that lasted 12 months. Thereafter, upon further progression of the disease, the patient started Palbociclib treatment, which is currently ongoing, with evidence of a metabolic response. The patient has survived for 54 months from diagnosis, with a good performance status. In conclusion, the present paper confirms the lack of efficacy of conventional therapeutic regimens in the context of advanced, recurrent or metastatic adenocarcinomas of the Bartholin gland. The case report shows how a personalized multidisciplinary approach based on repeated minimally invasive surgery and tailored anticancer treatment based on whole-genome sequencing analysis could be effective and associated with prolonged survival in this rare gynecological cancer.
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spelling pubmed-86246942021-11-27 Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature Macciò, Antonio Donisi, Clelia Sanna, Elisabetta Chiappe, Giacomo Nemolato, Sonia Melis, Luca Oppi, Sara Mola, Brunella Madeddu, Clelia Diagnostics (Basel) Case Report Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma (BGA) is extremely rare and is characterized by high rates of lymph-node recurrence and distant metastases. No effective palliative treatments are available for metastatic BGA; therefore, advanced BGA remains a challenge for gynecologic oncologists. Considering the rarity of this disease and the lack of a standardized approach, the present study aims to discuss the available literature on current therapies for BGA and to describe an emblematic case treated with a novel tailored approach. A postmenopausal woman with advanced BGA was referred to our department for an adequate evaluation, staging and treatment. Notably, we used PET/CT as a fundamental imaging technique for staging and follow-up. The patient underwent primary surgery followed by standard chemotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy. Three months later, she relapsed, with the appearance of multiple metastatic sites. Considering the evident chemoresistance to standard chemotherapy and the absence of valid therapeutic alternatives for this rare cancer, she was treated with a combination of repeated minimally invasive surgical procedures for all the resectable metastatic lesions and innovative approaches comprising, firstly, chemoimmunotherapy with Nivolumab combined with metronomic vinorelbine, which resulted in a clinical response for approximately 7 months. Upon disease progression, we used a targeted systemic approach based on the whole genomic profile of the primary tumor, which showed PTEN loss, which is predictive of a benefit from an mTOR inhibitor, and a CCND1 amplification, which predicts sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Therefore, she received Everolimus, resulting in a significant metabolic response that lasted 12 months. Thereafter, upon further progression of the disease, the patient started Palbociclib treatment, which is currently ongoing, with evidence of a metabolic response. The patient has survived for 54 months from diagnosis, with a good performance status. In conclusion, the present paper confirms the lack of efficacy of conventional therapeutic regimens in the context of advanced, recurrent or metastatic adenocarcinomas of the Bartholin gland. The case report shows how a personalized multidisciplinary approach based on repeated minimally invasive surgery and tailored anticancer treatment based on whole-genome sequencing analysis could be effective and associated with prolonged survival in this rare gynecological cancer. MDPI 2021-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8624694/ /pubmed/34829431 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112085 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Macciò, Antonio
Donisi, Clelia
Sanna, Elisabetta
Chiappe, Giacomo
Nemolato, Sonia
Melis, Luca
Oppi, Sara
Mola, Brunella
Madeddu, Clelia
Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_short Next-Generation Sequencing Whole-Genome Analysis for Targeted Treatment Approach of Metastatic Bartholin Gland Adenocarcinoma: An Emblematic Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_sort next-generation sequencing whole-genome analysis for targeted treatment approach of metastatic bartholin gland adenocarcinoma: an emblematic case report and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34829431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112085
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