Cargando…

Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite

Awareness of environmental concerns influences researchers to develop an alternative method of developing natural fiber composite materials, to reduce the consumption of synthetic fibers. This research attempted testing the neem (Azadirachta indica) fiber and the banyan (Ficus benghalensis) fiber at...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Raja, Thandavamoorthy, Mohanavel, Vinayagam, Sathish, Thanikodi, Djearamane, Sinouvassane, Velmurugan, Palanivel, Karthick, Alagar, Nasif, Omaima, Alfarraj, Saleh, Shing Wong, Ling, Sureshkumar, Shanmugam, Ravichandran, Manikkam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13223859
_version_ 1784606307919069184
author Raja, Thandavamoorthy
Mohanavel, Vinayagam
Sathish, Thanikodi
Djearamane, Sinouvassane
Velmurugan, Palanivel
Karthick, Alagar
Nasif, Omaima
Alfarraj, Saleh
Shing Wong, Ling
Sureshkumar, Shanmugam
Ravichandran, Manikkam
author_facet Raja, Thandavamoorthy
Mohanavel, Vinayagam
Sathish, Thanikodi
Djearamane, Sinouvassane
Velmurugan, Palanivel
Karthick, Alagar
Nasif, Omaima
Alfarraj, Saleh
Shing Wong, Ling
Sureshkumar, Shanmugam
Ravichandran, Manikkam
author_sort Raja, Thandavamoorthy
collection PubMed
description Awareness of environmental concerns influences researchers to develop an alternative method of developing natural fiber composite materials, to reduce the consumption of synthetic fibers. This research attempted testing the neem (Azadirachta indica) fiber and the banyan (Ficus benghalensis) fiber at different weight fractions, under flame retardant and thermal testing, in the interest of manufacturing efficient products and parts in real-time applications. The hybrid composite consists of 25% fiber reinforcement, 70% matrix material, and 5% bran filler. Their thermal properties—short-term heat deflection, temperature, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion—were used to quantify the effect of potential epoxy composites. Although natural composite materials are widely utilized, their uses are limited since many of them are combustible. As a result, there has been a lot of focus on making them flame resistant. The thermal analysis revealed the sample B was given 26% more short-term heat resistance when the presence of banyan fiber loading is maximum. The maximum heat deflection temperature occurred in sample A (104.5 °C) and sample B (99.2 °C), which shows a 36% greater thermal expansion compared with chopped neem fiber loading. In sample F, an increased chopped neem fiber weight fraction gave a 40% higher thermal conductivity, when compared to increasing the bidirectional banyan mat of this hybrid composite. The maximum flame retardant capacity occurred in samples A and B, with endurance up to 12.9 and 11.8 min during the flame test of the hybrid composites.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8624988
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86249882021-11-27 Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite Raja, Thandavamoorthy Mohanavel, Vinayagam Sathish, Thanikodi Djearamane, Sinouvassane Velmurugan, Palanivel Karthick, Alagar Nasif, Omaima Alfarraj, Saleh Shing Wong, Ling Sureshkumar, Shanmugam Ravichandran, Manikkam Polymers (Basel) Article Awareness of environmental concerns influences researchers to develop an alternative method of developing natural fiber composite materials, to reduce the consumption of synthetic fibers. This research attempted testing the neem (Azadirachta indica) fiber and the banyan (Ficus benghalensis) fiber at different weight fractions, under flame retardant and thermal testing, in the interest of manufacturing efficient products and parts in real-time applications. The hybrid composite consists of 25% fiber reinforcement, 70% matrix material, and 5% bran filler. Their thermal properties—short-term heat deflection, temperature, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion—were used to quantify the effect of potential epoxy composites. Although natural composite materials are widely utilized, their uses are limited since many of them are combustible. As a result, there has been a lot of focus on making them flame resistant. The thermal analysis revealed the sample B was given 26% more short-term heat resistance when the presence of banyan fiber loading is maximum. The maximum heat deflection temperature occurred in sample A (104.5 °C) and sample B (99.2 °C), which shows a 36% greater thermal expansion compared with chopped neem fiber loading. In sample F, an increased chopped neem fiber weight fraction gave a 40% higher thermal conductivity, when compared to increasing the bidirectional banyan mat of this hybrid composite. The maximum flame retardant capacity occurred in samples A and B, with endurance up to 12.9 and 11.8 min during the flame test of the hybrid composites. MDPI 2021-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8624988/ /pubmed/34833158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13223859 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Raja, Thandavamoorthy
Mohanavel, Vinayagam
Sathish, Thanikodi
Djearamane, Sinouvassane
Velmurugan, Palanivel
Karthick, Alagar
Nasif, Omaima
Alfarraj, Saleh
Shing Wong, Ling
Sureshkumar, Shanmugam
Ravichandran, Manikkam
Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title_full Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title_fullStr Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title_full_unstemmed Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title_short Thermal and Flame Retardant Behavior of Neem and Banyan Fibers When Reinforced with a Bran Particulate Epoxy Hybrid Composite
title_sort thermal and flame retardant behavior of neem and banyan fibers when reinforced with a bran particulate epoxy hybrid composite
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8624988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34833158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13223859
work_keys_str_mv AT rajathandavamoorthy thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT mohanavelvinayagam thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT sathishthanikodi thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT djearamanesinouvassane thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT velmuruganpalanivel thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT karthickalagar thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT nasifomaima thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT alfarrajsaleh thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT shingwongling thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT sureshkumarshanmugam thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite
AT ravichandranmanikkam thermalandflameretardantbehaviorofneemandbanyanfiberswhenreinforcedwithabranparticulateepoxyhybridcomposite