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Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology

Oral infection by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has recently gained great attention because of its involvement in the development of a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The role of specific Alpha-HPVs in this regard has been well established, whereas the contribution of other genera is u...

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Autores principales: Giuliani, Eugenia, Rollo, Francesca, Donà, Maria Gabriella, Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625118/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111411
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author Giuliani, Eugenia
Rollo, Francesca
Donà, Maria Gabriella
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
author_facet Giuliani, Eugenia
Rollo, Francesca
Donà, Maria Gabriella
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
author_sort Giuliani, Eugenia
collection PubMed
description Oral infection by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has recently gained great attention because of its involvement in the development of a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The role of specific Alpha-HPVs in this regard has been well established, whereas the contribution of other genera is under investigation. Despite their traditional classification as “cutaneous” types, Beta and Gamma HPVs are frequently detected in oral samples. Due to the lack of a standardized protocol, a large variety of methodologies have been used for oral sample collection, DNA extraction, HPV detection and genotyping. Laboratory procedures influence the evaluation of oral HPV prevalence, which largely varies also according to the population characteristics, e.g., age, gender, sexual behavior, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status. Nevertheless, oral infection by Beta and Gamma HPVs seems to be even more common than Alpha-HPVs. The latter is 5–7% in the general population, and increases up to 30% approximately in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. Despite major advances in the evaluation of oral HPV prevalence, its natural history is still little understood, especially for Beta and Gamma HPVs. The latest technologies, such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), can be exploited to gain new insights into oral HPV, and to improve the identification of novel HPV types.
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spelling pubmed-86251182021-11-27 Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology Giuliani, Eugenia Rollo, Francesca Donà, Maria Gabriella Garbuglia, Anna Rosa Pathogens Review Oral infection by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has recently gained great attention because of its involvement in the development of a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The role of specific Alpha-HPVs in this regard has been well established, whereas the contribution of other genera is under investigation. Despite their traditional classification as “cutaneous” types, Beta and Gamma HPVs are frequently detected in oral samples. Due to the lack of a standardized protocol, a large variety of methodologies have been used for oral sample collection, DNA extraction, HPV detection and genotyping. Laboratory procedures influence the evaluation of oral HPV prevalence, which largely varies also according to the population characteristics, e.g., age, gender, sexual behavior, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status. Nevertheless, oral infection by Beta and Gamma HPVs seems to be even more common than Alpha-HPVs. The latter is 5–7% in the general population, and increases up to 30% approximately in HIV-infected men who have sex with men. Despite major advances in the evaluation of oral HPV prevalence, its natural history is still little understood, especially for Beta and Gamma HPVs. The latest technologies, such as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), can be exploited to gain new insights into oral HPV, and to improve the identification of novel HPV types. MDPI 2021-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8625118/ /pubmed/34832567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111411 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Giuliani, Eugenia
Rollo, Francesca
Donà, Maria Gabriella
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title_full Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title_fullStr Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title_full_unstemmed Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title_short Human Papillomavirus Oral Infection: Review of Methodological Aspects and Epidemiology
title_sort human papillomavirus oral infection: review of methodological aspects and epidemiology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8625118/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34832567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111411
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